1972年Liggins和Howie首先报道使用糖皮质激素(Glucocorticoids,GCs)可促进胎肺成熟,显著降低新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的发生率与病死率[1]。此后,GCs被广泛用于围产医学中。近10年来,产前应用GCs有反复多疗程趋势,而动物实验及临床研究均表明,产前应用GCs可能对新生儿神经系统发育产生影响,本文就此作一综述。1产前应用GCs对下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的影响GCs是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(Hypothalamic- In 1972, Liggins and Howie first reported that using glucocorticoids (GCs) can promote fetal lung maturation and significantly reduce the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome incidence and mortality [1]. Since then, GCs are widely used in perinatal medicine. In the past 10 years, prenatal application of GCs has the tendency of repeated courses of treatment. However, animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that prenatal application of GCs may have an impact on the development of newborn nervous system. 1 prenatal GCs on the hypothalamus - pituitary - adrenal axis GCs is the hypothalamus - pituitary - adrenal axis (Hypothalamic-