德莱塞是美国最重要的自然主义作家之一。第一部小说《嘉莉妹妹》充分体现了自然主义的创作思想。本文从美国心理学家马斯洛的“需要层次论”出发,透析主人公嘉莉由追求物质到追求事业又到追求精神的自我实现过程,解读作者的自然主义创作思想——环境和本能对人的影响和人生成败的偶然性。 Dreiser is one of the most important naturalist writers in the United States. The first novel “Sister Carrie” fully embodies the naturalistic creative thinking. This article, starting from the “need hierarchy ” of American psychologist Maslow, analyzes the process of the heroine Carrie from the pursuit of material to the pursuit of the cause and the pursuit of spiritual self-realization process, interpreting the author’s naturalistic creative thinking - environment and instinct Impact on people and accidental success or failure of life.