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目的了解Tourette综合征(TS)患儿家长对TS的认知、态度及行为(知信行)水平现状,分析影响家长知信行的因素,为制定健康教育策略提供依据。方法采用自制的知信行调查问卷,对2008年11月-2010年10月就诊本院儿童保健科门诊的207例TS患儿家长进行调查。结果接受调查的家长中,70.5%(146/207例)认为TS是一种不良行为习惯,12.6%(17/207例)认为TS是一种神经精神性疾病,73.9%(153/207例)采取过责备惩罚的方式干预患儿不自主行为,92.8%(192/207例)认为TS对儿童的影响主要是运动性抽动或发声性抽动导致的形象问题。长期在三级医院就诊者占55.1%(114/207例);3个月内至少复诊一次者占53.6%(111/207例)。48.8%(101/207例)的家长按医嘱定时复诊;46.4%(96/207例)的家长对患儿的生活习惯遵从医嘱实施干预。多因素Logistic分析显示,家长受教育程度、症状严重程度、复诊频率及患儿就诊医院等级对于家长的知信行有影响。其中家长受教育程度和就诊医院等级与对患儿是否责骂惩罚(β’=2.056、-1.152,Pa<0.05)、是否规范患儿生活方式(β’=0.736、1.518,Pa<0.05)、危险因素知晓率(β’=-0.044、0.639,Pa<0.05)相关;患儿的复诊频率与TS危险因素知晓率相关(β’=2.217,P<0.05);患儿症状严重程度与症状消失时是否坚持用药相关(β’=-0.249,P<0.05)。结论 TS患儿家长对TS的知信行水平不理想,为更好地防治TS,必须改善患儿家长的知信行水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of cognition, attitude and behaviors of parents (TSB) in children with Tourette’s syndrome (TS) and to analyze the factors affecting the parents’ trustworthy behavior and provide the basis for the development of health education strategies. Methods A self-made knowledge-based questionnaire was used to survey 207 parents of TS children who visited the Children’s Health Branch of our hospital from November 2008 to October 2010. Results Among the parents surveyed, 70.5% (146/207) considered TS as a bad habit and 12.6% (17/207) considered TS as a neuropsychiatric disorder with 73.9% (153/207) 92.8% (192/207 cases) believed that the impact of TS on children was mainly caused by the image of movement twitch or vocal twitch. 55.1% (114/207) of the patients were hospitalized in tertiary hospitals for a long time, and 53.6% (111/207 cases) had at least one referral within 3 months. 48.8% (101/207 cases) of parents according to doctor’s regular referral; 46.4% (96/207 cases) of parents of children’s living habits follow the doctor’s advice to intervene. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that parents ’education level, the severity of symptoms, the frequency of referral and the level of hospital attendance of the children had an impact on the parents’ behavior. Among them, the education level of parents and the grade of hospital and the punishment to children (β ’= 2.056, -1.152, Pa <0.05), norms of children’s life style (β’ = 0.736,1.518, Pa <0.05) (Β ’= - 0.017, P <0.05). The frequency of referral was correlated with the awareness of TS risk factors (β’ = 2.217, P <0.05). When the symptom severity and symptom disappeared in children Whether to adhere to drug-related (β ’= - 0.249, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The parents of children with TS are not good at the level of knowledge and practice of TS. To better prevent and treat TS, the level of knowledge and behavior of parents must be improved.