论文部分内容阅读
(一)自从艾宾浩斯开拓人类记忆的科学研究以来,记忆一直作为心理学的核心内容之一而受到极大的重视。早期的记忆研究把注意集中在记忆的材料、保持、复习与遗忘等等方面。随着对记忆的研究的逐步深入,心理学家越来越重视记忆组织、记忆策略和记忆监控等问题的研究。本文拟对记忆组织的研究作一简略介绍。这也是近三十年来受到心理学家们极大关注的一个研究领域。什么是记忆组织,对此心理学家们并没有取得完全一致的意见。比较有代表性的看法是心理学家E.Tulving 和G.Mandler 的观点。E.Tulving 指出,当词表中各个项目的输出顺序受项目间的语义关系或语音关系的支配时,或者由被试对实验前或
(A) Since Ebbinghaus’s pioneering scientific research on human memory, memory has been given great importance as one of the core contents of psychology. Early memory studies focused on the material of memory, preservation, review, and forgetting. With the deepening of the study of memory, psychologists pay more and more attention to the research of memory organization, memory strategy and memory monitoring. This article intends to make a brief introduction to the research of memory organization. This is also a research area that has drawn great attention from psychologists in the past 30 years. What is a memory organization, psychologists did not get exactly the same opinion. More representative of the views of psychologists E.Tulving and G.Mandler point of view. E.Tulving pointed out that when the output of each item in the lexicon is dominated by the semantic relationship or the phonetic relationship between the items or by the subjects’