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玄奘大师历尽艰辛，西行求法；翻经译书，创立法相宗，生前身后，无限荣光，尤其是在中国和日本，被视为圣人或圣僧。玄奘崇拜包含四个不同的传统：中国主流文学传统、日本佛教祖师崇拜传统、汉藏佛教和日本宗教圣像传统、中国民俗传统。在这四个文化传统中，玄奘被赋予了不同的尊格，分别是佛教导师和翻译家，是佛教宗派创立者；既是虔诚的朝圣者和信仰的传播者，又是超自然力量的见证者和获得者。玄奘大师的多重角色，反映了中世纪早期佛教与中国传统文化的互动和融合，佛教传播到其他文化领域所发生的嬗变，上层精英文化和民间信仰的区别以及视觉与文学艺术形式的交织。“,”In East Asian Buddhism, Xuanzang was revered as a saintly figure for his contributions: his pilgrim-age to India to seek authentic Buddhist texts, his translations of them, and his founding of the Faxiang School of Buddhism. This essay examines four separate traditions in which he was revered: 1) the orthodox literary tradi-tion in China; 2) the founder worship tradition in Japan; 3) the religious icon tradition in China, Japan, and Tibet, and; 4) the folkloric tradition in China. Each honored the man in a different role. Respectively, these were as a great Buddhist teacher and translator, the founder of a Buddhist sect, a pious pilgrim and transmitter of the faith, and as a witness to and recipient of supernatural help. Through a study of the artifacts associated with Xuanzang, the essay explores the processes by which he was transformed into a saintly figure. The manifold im-ages of Xuanzang reflected the interaction and synthesis of Chinese and Indian Buddhist traditions that began during the early medieval period, further transformations when transmitted to other cultures, distinctions be-tween elite and popular worship, and the intertwining of visual and literary forms of art.