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目的观察分析辽宁3条河流中浮游硅藻数量及种群构成在冰封期及开河后的变化规律,探讨其在法医学应用中的意义。方法于2012年1~4月中旬分别在辽河、浑河沈阳段及太子河本溪段布点取水,逐月观测硅藻数量及种群构成的变化规律,计算3条河段各月水样中硅藻数量平均值(个/10mL)以及主要硅藻属种及其构成比。结果 3条河流冰封期及开河后硅藻种属数量和构成比均有明显变化。在冰封期(1~3月)硅藻种属数量趋于稳定,中心纲硅藻为优势种群,仅见少量羽纹纲硅藻,各月之间硅藻数量变化缺乏统计学差异;初春开河后(4月)硅藻种属数量显著增加,与冰封期差异明显(P<0.01),中心纲及羽纹纲硅藻混杂存在。结论辽宁主要河流在冰封期及开河后水中硅藻种群构成及数量变化大,春季水中浮尸的死因鉴定及落水点判断应合理分析现场水样与脏器中硅藻种群及数量差异。
Objective To observe and analyze the variation of the number of diatom planktonic diatoms in the three rivers in Liaoning Province and their population composition after freezing and opening, and discuss its significance in the forensic application. Methods From January to April in 2012, water samples were taken from Liaohe River, Shenyang River and Shenyang-Benxi River respectively to observe the variation of diatom population and population composition. The diatoms in each month The number average (a / 10mL) and the main diatoms species and its composition ratio. Results The number and composition ratio of diatom species in three rivers changed significantly after the ice-freezing period and the river opening. The number of diatom species stabilized in the freezing period (January to March), the dominant species in the center was diatom, only a few diatoms were found, and there was no statistical difference in the number of diatoms between each month. The number of diatom species increased significantly (P <0.01) after the ice-sealing period (April), while the diatoms of the central phylum and the phylum Plumeria were mixed. Conclusion The composition and quantity of diatom in the main rivers in Liaoning Province during the ice-freezing period and the river opening are large. The identification of the causes of dead bodies and the determination of the point of falling water in spring should reasonably analyze the diatom population and quantity differences in the field water samples and viscera.