撒卢斯特在被迫退出政治生活后开始历史写作。首先,他希望通过写作挽回作为元老的声誉,他的两部专著《喀提林阴谋》和《朱古达战争》专批共和国后期政治腐败,借此解释他退出公职生活的原因在于政治腐败。其次,作为政治上的恺撒派,撒卢斯特维护恺撒声誉的意图也非常明显,例如他澄清恺撒参与喀提林阴谋事件的谣言为恺撒发动内战的行为辩护。最后,他把“美德”作为历史解释的工具,认为罗马国家兴盛的原因在于尊奉传统“美德”。恺撒的行为和成就体现了传统“美德”的要求,恺撒那样的“新人”才是罗马国家复兴的希望所在。撒卢斯特的史学因此成为地道的恺撒派史学。 Sarus began his historical writing after being forced to quit his political life. First of all, he hoped to restore his reputation as a veteran through writing. His two monographs, “The Katiingan Conspiracy,” and “The Battle of Djoudatu,” were specific to late political corruption in the Republic to explain why his exit from official life was due to political corruption. Second, as a political Caesar, Sallust’s intention to uphold Caesar’s reputation is also obvious. For example, he clarified that rumors of Caesar’s involvement in the plot of Katyn were justifying Caesar’s efforts to launch a civil war. Finally, he used “virtue ” as a tool for historical interpretation and believed that the reason for the rise of the Roman state rested in respect of tradition “virtue ”. Caesar’s actions and achievements reflect the traditional “virtues,” as Caesar’s “newcomers” are the hope for the revival of the Roman state. The history of Sallust became the authentic Caesar school of history.