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本文从真空冷冻干燥的理论、设备、工艺和应用几个方面介绍其发展的历史和现状,讨论未来的发展趋势。现代真空冷冻干燥理论研究的重点是微纳尺度和超常传热传质;设备的发展方向是连续式冻干设备和过程控制的自动化;工艺研究重点应该是被冻干物料的热物性参数和冻干保护剂;应用前景在于生物材料,金属及陶瓷微粉的工业化生产。
This article introduces the history and current situation of its development from the aspects of vacuum freeze-drying theory, equipment, technology and application, and discusses the future development trend. Modern vacuum freeze-drying theory focuses on the micro-nano-scale and extraordinary heat and mass transfer; equipment development direction is continuous automatic freeze-drying equipment and process control; process research should focus on the thermal properties of the materials being lyophilized and frozen Dry protective agent; application prospects lie in the industrialized production of biological materials, metal and ceramic powders.