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目的掌握医院住院患者医院感染现患率以及抗菌药物使用情况,为预防控制医院感染提供相关参考。方法对本院24 h内住院患者进行统计,采用横断面调查研究,对医院感染现状进行调查。结果当日实际住院患者1526例,出现医院感染83例,现患率为5.4%(83/1526);感染例次92,例次感染率为6.0%(92/1526)。感染科室主要为重症监护室(22例)、神经外科(13例)和肿瘤科(10例)。医院内获得感染高发部位主要为呼吸道(33例)、手术切口(25例)和泌尿道(11例)。感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,主要为铜绿假单胞菌(23例)、大肠埃希菌(19例)和肺炎克雷伯菌(10例)。1526例患者中使用抗生素治疗者647例(42.4%),以单一用药为主(80.1%),联合用药较少。结论该院医院感染现患率较低。对于现患率较高的科室应加强感染防控,并降低抗菌药物使用范围,强化使用指证以减少多重耐药感染。
Objective To understand the current prevalence of nosocomial infections and the use of antimicrobial agents in hospitalized inpatients, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods The hospitalized patients within 24 h were statistically analyzed, and the cross-sectional investigation was conducted to investigate the current status of nosocomial infections. Results The actual number of hospitalized patients was 1526 on the day. There were 83 cases of nosocomial infection, the prevalence rate was 5.4% (83/1526). The number of infection cases was 92, and the infection rate was 6.0% (92/1526). Infections departments mainly intensive care unit (22 cases), neurosurgery (13 cases) and oncology (10 cases). High prevalence of infection in the hospital site mainly for the respiratory tract (33 cases), surgical incision (25 cases) and urinary tract (11 cases). Infectious pathogens are mainly Gram-negative bacteria, mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23 cases), Escherichia coli (19 cases) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (10 cases). A total of 647 patients (42.4%) were treated with antibiotics in 1526 patients, taking only single drug (80.1%) with less combined drug. Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infections in this hospital is relatively low. For departments with higher prevalence rate, infection prevention and control should be strengthened and the scope of antimicrobial use should be reduced. The use of accreditation should be strengthened to reduce multi-drug resistant infections.