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目的 探讨子宫内膜癌和卵巢上皮性癌组织中抑癌基因PTEN的突变及其蛋白表达与肿瘤发生、发展的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应 单链构象多态性分析 (PCR SSCP)和DNA序列分析法 ,检测子宫内膜癌 (5 2例 )、卵巢上皮性癌 (6 0例 )中PTEN基因第 5和第 8外显子的突变 ,免疫组织化学法检测PTEN蛋白的表达。结果 子宫内膜癌组织 :(1)PTEN基因突变率为 2 5 % ,高于正常子宫内膜 (0 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;PTEN基因突变率与子宫内膜癌的病理分级、组织类型、肌层浸润深度密切相关(P <0 0 5 )。(2 )PTEN蛋白缺失率为 6 0 % ,高于正常子宫内膜组织 (0 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;子宫内膜癌组织中PTEN蛋白表达率与病理分级和组织类型密切相关 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而与手术病理分期和肌层浸润深度无关 (P >0 0 5 )。卵巢上皮性癌组织 :(1)PTEN基因的突变率为 5 % ,与正常卵巢组织 (0 )和良性卵巢肿瘤 (0 )相比 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。 (2 )PTEN蛋白缺失率为 2 3% ,显著高于良性卵巢肿瘤和正常卵巢组织 (均为 0 ,P <0 0 5 ) ;卵巢上皮性癌组织中的PTEN蛋白缺失率与其组织类型及患者的年龄、绝经与否无明显相关性 (P >0 0 5 ) ,与临床分期和病理分级有关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 PTEN基因的突变和蛋白表达缺失均参与子宫内膜癌的发生发
Objective To investigate the relationship between the mutation of tumor suppressor gene PTEN in endometrial carcinoma and epithelial ovarian cancer and the expression of its protein and the occurrence and development of tumor. Methods Polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR SSCP) and DNA sequence analysis were used to detect the expression of PTEN gene in 52 cases of endometrial carcinoma (52 cases) and ovarian epithelial carcinoma (60 cases) 8 exon mutation, immunohistochemical detection of PTEN protein expression. Results (1) The mutation rate of PTEN gene was 25% higher than that of normal endometrium (0, P <0 05). The mutation rate of PTEN gene and the pathological grade of endometrial carcinoma, the type of tissue , Depth of myometrial invasion was closely related (P <0 05). (2) The loss of PTEN protein was 60% higher than that in normal endometrium (0, P <0.05). The expression of PTEN in endometrial carcinoma was closely related to the pathological grade and the type of tissue (P < 0 0 5), but not with the pathological stage and depth of myometrial invasion (P> 0.05). Epithelial ovarian cancer: (1) The mutation rate of PTEN gene was 5%. There was no significant difference between normal ovarian tissue (0) and benign ovarian tumor (0) (P> 0.05). (2) The deletion rate of PTEN protein was 23%, which was significantly higher than that in benign ovarian tumor and normal ovarian tissue (all 0, P <0.05); the loss rate of PTEN protein in ovarian epithelial carcinoma was related to its tissue type and patient Age, menopause or not (P> 0.05), which was related to clinical stage and pathological grade (P <0.05). Conclusion PTEN gene mutation and protein expression are involved in the occurrence of endometrial cancer