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分权制衡是近现代民主法治国家的宪政原则。分权制衡思想萌芽于古希腊古罗马时代,在近代社会之后,其思想体系才得以确立。作为一种政治理论,分权制衡思想确有其局限性,作为一种管理理论,它具有普遍意义。鉴于集权制政府的消极作用和影响,分权政府已成为现代政府构建的目标模式。分权政府包括非政府组织同政府的分权;政府内部的分权;中央政府与地方政府的分权。
The check and balance of powers is the principle of constitutional government in modern democratic and law-based countries. The idea of the separation of powers and checks and balances has sprouted in the ancient Roman times in ancient Greece. After modern society, the ideological system was established. As a kind of political theory, the theory of the separation of powers and checks and balances does have its limitations. As a management theory, it has universal significance. In view of the negative effect and influence of the centralized government, the decentralized government has become the target model for the modern government. The decentralized government includes the decentralization of non-governmental organizations and the government; the decentralization within the government; the decentralization of the central and local governments.