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目的：探讨癌基因与子宫内膜腺癌的关系。方法：应用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法对３３例原发性子宫内膜腺癌进行ｐ２１ｒａｓ，ｐ５３，ｃ－ｍｙｃ和ＰＣＮＡ的检测。结果：ｐ５３表达为７８．８％，ｐ２１ｒａｓ表达为５１．５％，ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达为８１．８％，ＰＣＮＡ表达为９７％。均明显高于正常增殖期子宫内膜（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｐ２１ｒａｓ和ｐ５３在正常子宫内膜无表达，因此比ｃ－ｍｙｃ在子宫内膜腺癌的表达更特异。本研究显示ｐ５３与子宫内膜腺癌的病理分级有关（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｐ２１ｒａｓ与转移有关（Ｐ＜０．０５），在子宫内膜腺癌中，ｐ５３的表达与ｐ２１ｒａｓ的表达之间呈显著相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），本研究显示３种癌基因（ｐ２１ｒａｓ，ｐ５３和ｃ－ｍｙｃ）共同表达占４８．５％。结论：ｐ５３和ｐ２１ｒａｓ共同与子宫内膜腺癌的发生和发展有关。子宫内膜腺癌是多种基因作用的结果。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between oncogenes and endometrial adenocarcinoma. Methods: The expressions of p21ras, p53, c-myc and PCNA in 33 patients with primary endometrial adenocarcinoma were detected by immunohistochemical LSAB method. Results: p53 expression was 78.8%, p21ras expression was 51.5%, c-myc expression was 81.8%, and PCNA expression was 97%. Were significantly higher than normal proliferative endometrium (P <0.05). p21ras and p53 are not expressed in normal endometrium and therefore more specific than c-myc in endometrial adenocarcinoma. This study showed that p53 was associated with the pathological grade of endometrial adenocarcinoma (P <0.05), p21ras was associated with metastasis (P <0.05), and in endometrial adenocarcinoma, the expression of p53 and p21ras (P <0.01). In this study, the co-expression of three kinds of oncogenes (p21ras, p53 and c-myc) accounted for 48.5%. Conclusion: p53 and p21ras are associated with the occurrence and development of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Endometrial adenocarcinoma is the result of a variety of genetic effects.