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微陀螺具有体积小、功耗低等优点,但其精度目前仍然较低。在传统陀螺中,电磁悬浮陀螺的精度非常高,因此,对电磁悬浮微陀螺进行研究,有望获得高精度的微陀螺。介绍了电磁悬浮微陀螺的分类、原理、优缺点、结构以及研究现状。首先根据悬浮原理将电磁悬浮微陀螺分为基于磁吸力的电磁悬浮微陀螺、基于排斥力的电磁悬浮微陀螺、静电悬浮微陀螺、反磁悬浮微陀螺和超导磁悬浮微陀螺;然后分别介绍了每种电磁悬浮的悬浮原理和优缺点,以及每种电磁悬浮微陀螺的发展现状、样机结构和转子的悬浮旋转原理;最后,简述了电磁悬浮微陀螺的发展前景。
Micro-gyro has the advantages of small size, low power consumption, but its accuracy is still low. In the traditional gyro, the accuracy of the electromagnetic suspended gyro is very high. Therefore, it is expected that the micro-gyro with high precision will be obtained from the research on the electromagnetic suspended micro-gyro. The classification, principle, advantages and disadvantages, structure and research status of electromagnetic suspension micro-gyroscope are introduced. First of all, based on the levitation principle, the electromagnetic suspension micro-gyroscope is divided into the magnetic suspension micro-gyroscope, the repulsion-based electromagnetic suspension micro-gyroscope, the electrostatic suspension micro-gyroscope, the anti-magnetic suspension micro-gyroscope and the superconducting magnetic suspension micro-gyroscope. Kinds of electromagnetic levitation suspension principle and its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the development of each kind of electromagnetic levitation micro-gyroscope, prototype structure and the principle of rotor rotation; Finally, the development of the micro-gyroscope is described briefly.