导学1(Units 1—2)

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  Unit 1 What’s the matter?
  重点词汇
  1. fever n. 发烧
  I have a fever.
  我发烧了。
  2. rest v. & n. 放松;休息
  I think you should lie down and rest.
  我认为你应该躺下来休息。
  Let’s have a rest.
  让我们休息一会儿。
  3. cough n. & v. 咳嗽
  He coughed badly last night.
  他昨晚咳嗽得很厉害。
  4. headache n. 头痛
  I have a headache and I can’t move my neck.
  我头痛,不能转动我的脖子。
  头痛,牙痛,胃痛用相应的名词加-ache;
  1) have a headache 头痛
  2) have a toothache 牙痛
  3) have a stomachache 胃痛
  其余部位痛用have a sore + 身体部位:
  have a sore leg/back 腿痛/背痛
  5. hurt v. (使)疼痛;受伤
  He had his back hurt in an accident.
  他在一次事故中伤了背部。
  6. trouble n. 问题;苦恼
  It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble.
  许多人因为不希望招惹任何麻烦就不愿意帮助别人,这种情况是令人伤心的。
  trouble v. 麻烦
  I’m sorry to trouble you.
  我很抱歉打扰你。
  7. hit v. (用手或器具)击;打
  She hit him hard across his left arm.
  她狠狠地打在他的左臂上。
  8. situation n. 情况;状况
  He found himself in a very dangerous situation.
  他发现自己处境非常危险。
  9. decision n. 决定;抉择
  Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions.
  艾伦讲述了好决策的重要性。
  decide v. 决定
  decide to do sth 决定做某事
  I decide to study hard.
  我决定努力学习。
  10. control n. & v. 限制;约束;管理
  Aron tells of the importance of being in control of one’s life.
  艾伦讲述了掌控一个人生活的重要性。
  11. death n. 死;死亡
  We have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
  我们必须做出一个决定,这个决定可能意味着生死。
  die v. 死,死亡
  He died two years ago.
  他两年前就死了。
  dead adj. 死的,死去的
  He has been dead for two years.
  他已经死了有两年了。
  常用短语及搭配
  1. have a cold/fever 感冒/发烧
  2. have a stomachache 胃痛
  3. have a sore back/throat 背疼/喉咙痛
  4. lie down 躺下
  5. drink hot tea with honey 喝加有蜂蜜的热茶
  6. see a dentist /go to a doctor 看牙医/看医生
  7. take one’s temperature 量体温
  8. take breaks (take a break) 休息
  9. in the same way 用相同的方法/方式
  10. get off 下车
  11. to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的;出乎……意料
  12. agree to (do sth) 同意(做某事)
  13. thanks to 幸亏;归功于
  14. in time 及时
  15. right away 立刻;马上
  16. get into trouble 造成麻烦(或烦恼)
  17. be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
  18. run out (of) 用尽;耗尽
  19. cut off 切除
  20. get out of 离开;从……出来   21. be in control of 掌管;管理
  22. keep on (doing sth) 继续或坚持(做某事)
  23. have the same spirit as sb 和某人有一样的勇气
  24. take risks (take a risk) 冒险
  25. give up 放弃
  重要句型
  1. 用What’s the matter with sb?询问病情。
  — What’s the matter with you?
  — I have a headache.
  — 你怎么了?
  — 我头痛。
  2. 用You/He/She should...提出建议。
  You shouldn’t eat anything.
  你不应该吃东西。
  — What should she do?
  — She should take her temperature.
  — 她应该怎样做?
  — 她应该量体温。
  基本语法
  1. What’s the matter with...? ……怎么了?
  What’s the matter with Ben?
  本怎么了?
  2. 用... have... 谈论身体情况。
  I have a headache/toothache.
  我头痛/牙痛。
  Tom has a cold/fever.
  汤姆感冒了/发烧了。
  She has a sore back/leg.
  她背痛/腿痛。
  3. You should/shouldn’t... 你应该/不应该……
  You should lie down and rest.
  你应该躺下来休息。
  You shouldn’t eat so much next time.
  下次你不要吃得太多了。
  4. 反身代词
  myself 我自己;yourself 你自己;herself 她自己;himself 他自己;itself 它自己;ourselves 我们自己;yourselves 你们自己;themselves 他们自己。
  Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
  重点词汇
  1. cheer v. 欢呼;喝彩
  The girl visited the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.
  这个女孩去医院看望生病的孩子们,让他们振作起来。
  2. volunteer v. 义务做;自愿做
  n. 志愿者
  volunteer to do something 自愿做某事
  I volunteer to clean up the city parks.
  我自愿打扫城市公园。
  Being a volunteer is great.
  当一名志愿者真是太好了。
  3. notice n. 通知;通告;注意
  v. 注意到;意识到
  Reuben stepped forward to read the notice carefully.
  鲁本走上前仔细看通告。
  I noticed him come in.
  我注意到他进来了。
  4. lonely adj. 孤独的;寂寞的
  A lot of old people are lonely.
  很多老年人都很孤独。
  比较:lonely和alone的区别
  lonely有强烈的感情色彩,指内心很孤独;
  alone指单独一个人。
  She lives alone and often feels lonely.
  她孑然一身,常感到寂寞。
  5. satisfaction n. 满足;满意
  I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction.
  我有这样一种强烈的满足感。
  6. raise v. 募集;征集
  We can make plans to raise money for homeless people.
  我们可以制定计划去筹钱来帮助无家可归的人。
  7. repair v. 修理;修补
  I repaired the chair.
  我修了这把椅子。
  比较:repair,fix和mend的区别
  repair用于建筑、堤坝、机器、车辆等的修理;
  fix是美式英语用法,等于repair;
  mend一般用于衣服、鞋袜等小东西的修理,偶尔也用于道路、门窗等的修理。
  Can you repair my bike?
  你能修我的自行车吗?
  Harry tried to fix the chair, but he was all thumbs.   哈里想修理那把椅子,可他笨手笨脚的。
  He is mending a road.
  他正在修一条公路。
  8. disabled adj. 丧失能力的;有残疾的
  Animal Helpers trains animals for disabled people.
  Animal Helpers专门训练动物来帮助残疾人。
  9. deaf adj. 聋的
  She was born deaf and dumb.
  她天生又聋又哑。
  10. imagine v. 想象;设想
  Imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.
  假设一下你不能走路或不能灵活地使用双手的样子。
  11. difficulty n. 困难;难题
  Many people have these difficulties.
  许多人都有这样的困难。
  difficult adj. 困难的
  It’s difficult for me to study math well.
  对我来说,学好数学是很困难的。
  12. excited adj. 激动的;兴奋的
  I was excited about the idea of having a dog.
  关于拥有一只狗的这个主意,我非常激动。
  excited adj. 激动的
  exciting adj. 令人激动的
  The news is exciting.
  这个消息是令人激动的。
  类似的单词有:
  interested/interesting; tired/tiring; relaxed/relaxing
  13. understand v. 理解;领会
  Lucky is very clever and understands many English words.
  拉琪非常聪明,他能理解很多英语单词。
  14. change v. & n. 变化;改变
  Thank you again for changing my life.
  再一次感谢你改变了我的生活。
  1) change one’s mind 改变主意
  He changed his mind and went to another place.
  他改变了主意,去了别的地方。
  2) change a lot 变化很大
  The city has changed a lot in the last few years.
  在过去的几年里这座城市发生了很大改变。
  常用短语及搭配
  1. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
  2. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来
  3. give out 分发;散发
  4. come up with 想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等)
  5. make a plan 制定计划
  6. care for 照顾;非常喜欢
  7. used to do 过去常做
  8. at the age of 在……岁时
  9. at the same time 同时
  10. homeless people 无家可归的人
  11. be busy with 忙于
  12. be worried about 担心
  13. in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间
  14. volunteer to do 自愿做
  15. take after(外貌或行为)像
  16. fix up 修理;装饰
  17. be similar to 与……相似
  18. give away 赠送;捐赠
  19. set up 建起;设立
  20. make a difference 影响;有作用
  21. help sb out 帮助某人解决难题
  22. put off 推迟
  23. hand out 分发
  24. call up 打电话给(某人);征召
  25. try out 参加……选拔;试用
  重要句型
  1. I’d like to... 我愿意/想要……
  I’d like to thank you for sending money to Animal Helpers. 我想感谢你送钱给Animal Helpers。
  2. I want to... because... 我想要……因为……
  I want to get a specially trained dog because I think it might cheer me up.
  我想拥有一只经过特殊训练的狗,因为它可能使我高兴起来。
  基本语法
  1. 主动提供帮助:I’d like to...; I volunteer...
  I’d like to help homeless people.
  我想帮助那些无家可归的人。
  I volunteer to clean up the city parks.
  我自愿打扫城市公园。
  2. 用could表示建议:
  You could ask the hospital to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.
  你可以要求医院让你去看望孩子们,使他们振作起来。
  3. 动词短语
  put up; hand out; give out; come up with; cheer up; set up; put off...
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