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目的系统评价短信干预措施对戒烟的有效性。方法计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、The Cochrane Library和CBM数据库,搜集短信干预戒烟的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均为建库至2016年8月。由两位研究员独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入14个RCT,共15 543例参与者。Meta分析结果显示:与常规干预组相比,短信干预可提高CO生化验证戒断率[RR=0.571,95%CI(0.357,0.914),P=0.020]、减少平均每天吸烟支数[SMD=–0.25,95%CI(–0.37,–0.12),P<0.001],但不能改善自报7天时点戒断率[RR=1.149,95%CI(1.014,1.303),P=0.03]。在3个月连续戒断率[RR=0.830,95%CI(0.679,1.014),P=0.069]和30天时点戒烟率[RR=0.878,95%CI(0.687,1.122),P=0.076]方面,两者差异无统计学意义。结论现有证据表明,短信干预对短期戒烟有改善效果。受纳入研究的数量和质量的限制,上述结论尚需要开展更多研究予以验证。
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of SMS interventions in smoking cessation. Methods The databases of Pub Med, EMbase, The Cochrane Library and CBM were searched by computer to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) of short messages for smoking cessation. The retrieval time was from the database to August 2016. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in inclusion in the study. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. The results eventually included 14 RCTs, enrolling 15,543 participants. Meta-analysis showed that SMS intervention increased the rate of abstinence from CO biochemistry (RR = 0.571, 95% CI 0.357, 0.914, P = 0.020) and decreased the mean number of smokers per day (SMD = -0.25, 95% CI (-0.37, -0.12), P <0.001], but failed to improve the withdrawal rate at 7 days (RR = 1.149,95% CI 1.014,1.303, P = 0.03). The quit rate at 3 months (RR = 0.830, 95% CI (0.679, 1.014), P = 0.069] In terms of the difference between the two was not statistically significant. Conclusions The available evidence shows that SMS intervention can improve short-term smoking cessation. Due to the limited number and quality of studies included, the above conclusion still needs more research to be verified.