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在广东省胸部恶性肿瘤中,肺癌的死亡率(男4.81/10万,女2.45/10万)占全部恶性肿瘤的第5位,但近年在广州市上升至第1位,中小城市亦比农村高。食管癌的死亡率(男11.44/10万,女8.13/10万)占第2位,病例来源主要为汕头、梅县地区。乳腺癌的死亡率(女2.86/10万),占第9位,散发。近20年来,肺癌的门诊初诊人数逐年递增,而食管癌及乳腺癌较恒定。上述三种肿瘤的生存率,在20年来不同时期的统计中,均无改善,关键在于病期别的构成无变化(Ⅲ期居多)。外科手术仍是主要治疗手段,但只能让0.9％的肺癌,1.1％的食管癌及13.0％的乳腺癌患者获得5年或以上的生存率。本文对今后的防治研究提出了展望。
Among the thoracic malignancies in Guangdong Province, the mortality rate of lung cancer (male 4.81/lakh, female 2.45/lakh) accounted for 5th of all malignant tumors, but it has risen to the 1st in Guangzhou in recent years. Small and medium-sized cities are also better than rural areas. high. The mortality rate of esophageal cancer (male 11.44/100,000, female 8.13/lakh) accounted for the second place, and the main source of cases was Shantou and Meixian. The mortality rate of breast cancer (2.86 per 100,000 females), which was the 9th, was distributed. In the past 20 years, the number of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients has been increasing year by year, while esophageal cancer and breast cancer have been relatively constant. The survival rates of the above three types of tumors have not improved in the statistics of different periods in the past 20 years. The key is that there is no change in the composition of the disease stage (mostly stage III). Surgery is still the main treatment, but only 0.9% of lung cancer, 1.1% of esophageal cancer, and 13.0% of breast cancer patients can achieve 5-year or more survival. This article puts forward the outlook for future prevention and research.