Although China has experienced a rapid economic growth in the past decades,poverty rates are still high.The findings indicate that,while material deprivation and social exclusion are reasonable explanations for the poverty in China,government policy is an even more fundamental reason for the worsening poverty. Although China has experienced a rapid economic growth in the past decades, poverty rates are still high. The findings indicate that while material deprivation and social exclusion are reasonable explanations for the poverty in China, government policy is an even more fundamental reason for the worsening poverty.