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目的了解深圳市宝安区托幼机构人员甲型H1N1流行性感冒(甲流)疫苗接种率及其影响因素。方法随机抽取深圳市宝安区100家托幼机构530人作为面访匿名问卷调查对象。采用描述性分析、秩和检验、χ2检验和Logistic回归分析分别对疫苗接种率的影响因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果深圳市宝安区托幼机构人员甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种率为39.96%,未接种的主要原因是怕出现疫苗不良副反应,占39.10%。性别为男性[男性:比值比(Odds Ratio,OR)=3.193,95%可信区间(Confidence Interval,CI)=1.285～7.936];工作岗位为保健医生和保育人员(保健医:OR=12.583,95%CI=2.825～56.082;保育员:OR=7.581,95%CI=1.881～30.554)、工作年限为11～15年(11～15年:OR=6.299,95%CI=1.169～33.945)和近3年接种过季节性流感疫苗(接种过:OR=8.856,95%CI=4.139～18.703;不清楚:OR=4.322,95%CI=1.588～11.766)对疫苗接种率有影响。结论深圳市宝安区托幼人员甲流疫苗接种率较高,应加强甲流疫苗有效性和安全性的宣传,特别要针对女性、教师、工作年限小于11年、大于15年和近3年无季节性流感疫苗接种史等人群。
Objective To understand the vaccination rate of Influenza A (H1N1) and its influencing factors among nurseries in Bao’an District, Shenzhen. Methods A total of 530 nurseries and kindergartens in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City were randomly selected as interviewed anonymous questionnaires. Descriptive analysis, rank sum test, χ2 test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influence factors of vaccination rate by single factor and multivariate analysis respectively. Results The vaccination rate of Influenza A (H1N1) vaccines was 39.96% among the nurseries in Bao’an District, Shenzhen. The main reason for non-vaccination was fear of adverse side effects of vaccines, accounting for 39.10%. The odds ratio (OR) was 3.193, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.285 ~ 7.936). The work status was health care physician and nursing staff (health doctor: OR = 12.583, OR = 7.581, 95% CI = 1.881 ~ 30.554), working life of 11-15 years (11-15 years: OR = 6.299, 95% CI = 1.169-33.945) and Vaccination rates have been affected by vaccination against seasonal influenza in the past three years (vaccinated: OR = 8.856, 95% CI = 4.139 to 18.703; unknown: OR = 4.322, 95% CI = 1.588 to 11.766). Conclusion The vaccination rate of A and B among elders and nurses in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City should be higher than that of A and B, so the effectiveness and safety of H1N1 vaccine should be strengthened. Especially for women and teachers, the working life is less than 11 years, more than 15 years and nearly 3 years Seasonal flu vaccination history and other groups.