患者男,42岁。以左上肢肿块逐渐增大30余年、突然疼痛、上肢迅速增粗,于1988年4月5日入院。患者左上肢自幼即发生肿块,质软,无压痛,以后肿块增多增大,肢体变粗。曾于20年前作左上肢多个肿块切除术,术后诊断为海绵状血管瘤。之后,肿块发展遍及左上肢,前臂更粗,肿块更多。肿块局部呈软团状,与基底无粘连。入院当时,左上肢突然疼痛,更肿更粗,最粗处直径为21厘米,张力大,有两处皮肤突出、菲薄,穿刺抽出不凝固的暗红色血液。局部皮温正常、桡动脉搏动 Male patient, 42 years old. The mass of the left upper extremity gradually increased for more than 30 years, sudden pain, rapid thickening of the upper limbs, and admission on April 5, 1988. The patient’s left upper extremity developed a lump from its infancy, was soft and tender, and later the mass increased and the limb became thicker. Twenty years ago, multiple lumpectomy was performed on the left upper limb, and a postoperative diagnosis was cavernous hemangiomas. Afterwards, the mass developed throughout the left upper extremities, with thicker forearms and more lumps. The mass was soft and lumpy, with no adhesion to the basement. At the time of admission, the left upper extremity suddenly suffered pain, swelling and thickening. The largest diameter was 21 centimeters in diameter, and the tension was large. There were two prominent skins, which were thin, and the punctures extracted dark red blood that did not coagulate. Local skin temperature normal, radial artery pulse