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地震重点监视防御区制度,是《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》确立的法律制度。在地震重点监视防御区制度实践方面,我国已完成第一期地震重点监视防御区方案的实施,即1996年国务院批准的1996~2005年全国地震重点监视防御区方案。目前,正在实施的是第二期地震重点监视防御区方案,即2006年国务院批准的2006~2020年全国地震重点监视防御区方案。在国家社科基金重大项目支持下,本文对1996~2012年全国地震重点监视防御区制度的实施现状进行了追踪,对实施成效进行了总结。从1996~2012年的震例和调查数据看,减灾效果明显。在此基础上,提出了完善地震重点监视防御区制度的对策与建议。
The focal point surveillance and defense zone system of the earthquake is the legal system established by the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Earthquake Prevention and Disaster Reduction.” In the field of earthquake focus surveillance and defense zone system practice, China has completed the implementation of the first phase of the earthquake focus surveillance and defense zone program, which was approved by the State Council in 1996 1996-2005 national earthquake focus surveillance and defense zone program. Currently, the implementation of the second phase of the earthquake focus surveillance and defense area program, that is, in 2006 approved by the State Council in 2006-2020 national earthquake focus surveillance and defense area program. Supported by the major projects of National Social Science Fund, this paper tracks the status quo of implementation of the national earthquake focus surveillance and defense zone system from 1996 to 2012, and summarizes the implementation results. From 1996 to 2012 earthquake cases and survey data, the effect of disaster reduction is obvious. On this basis, the countermeasures and suggestions for improving the system of key surveillance and defense zone in earthquake are put forward.