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受煤炭开采影响,矿区内植被、土壤等主要碳汇要素受到不同程度的扰动,其受煤炭开采破坏导致的碳汇量变化计量是煤炭开采环境外部性的主要方面之一。文章根据大同矿区忻州窑矿土地利用类型、植被受扰动的生物量变化量、土壤受扰动的侵蚀变化量、土壤营养物质变化量、植被、土壤系统碳收支变化量等结果,借助环境经济学方法构建计量模型,将植被、土壤的物质扰动量转换为经济指标。并通过问卷调研,摸清矿区居民对环境影响的感受,以此作为生态补偿的谈判力,结合企业财务数据,测算生态补偿额度。研究结果表明,2001~2010年,大同矿区忻州窑矿因采煤导致的植被、土壤等碳汇要素价值损失为1447万元,生态补偿额度2.353亿元。
Affected by the coal mining, the major carbon sinks in the mining area are disturbed to varying degrees. The measurement of carbon sink changes caused by the destruction of coal mining is one of the main aspects of the externalities of coal mining environment. Based on the results of land use types, biomass disturbed vegetation disturbance, soil disturbed erosion change, soil nutrient change, vegetation and soil carbon budget changes in Xinzhou kiln mine in Datong Mine, Methods The econometric model was constructed to convert the disturbance of vegetation and soil into economic indicators. And through questionnaire survey to find out the feelings of residents in the mining area on the environment, as the negotiating power of ecological compensation, combined with the enterprise financial data, calculate the amount of ecological compensation. The results show that from 2001 to 2010, the value loss of carbon sink elements such as vegetation and soil caused by coal mining in Datong Xinzhou kiln mine was 14.47 million yuan and ecological compensation amount was 235.5 million yuan.