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采用一种二液相界面电解的新技术进行了从海水中浓集铀的基础研究。人工海水用氯化钠、氯化镁和铀(Ⅵ)配制。将2升海水与500毫升异丁醇放在3升烧杯中进行电解。用放在有机相中直径为14厘米的不锈钢圆片作阴极,浸在水相中的金属铂丝作阳极,电解时铀(Ⅵ)与生成的氢氧化镁定量共沉淀在二液相界面处。采用二液相界面电解法从海水中浓集铀,且与通常用氢氧化钠生成氢氧化镁来共沉淀铀的结果作了比较。使用含有15.5微克 U 和2430毫克 Mg 的溶液电解,得到含15微克 U 和15毫克 Mg 的氢氧化镁沉淀,该沉淀很易过滤。另外,若用氢氧化钠沉淀法,为共沉淀15微克 U 必须沉淀出200毫克 Mg。用2升海水进行上述电解,沉淀4小时左右,海水中约有90%天然含量的铀被捕集。
A basic technique for concentrating uranium from seawater was developed using a new two-liquid-phase electrolysis technique. Artificial seawater with sodium chloride, magnesium chloride and uranium (Ⅵ) preparation. Place 2 liters of sea water and 500 ml of isobutanol in a 3 liter beaker for electrolysis. Using a stainless steel disk having a diameter of 14 cm in the organic phase as a cathode and a metal platinum wire immersed in an aqueous phase as an anode, uranium (Ⅵ) and the formed magnesium hydroxide were quantitatively precipitated at the interface of the two liquids at the time of electrolysis . Uranium is enriched from seawater by two-liquid interface electrolysis and compared with the results of co-precipitation of uranium with sodium hydroxide to form magnesium hydroxide. Electrolysis using a solution containing 15.5 μg of U and 2430 mg of Mg gave a magnesium hydroxide precipitate containing 15 μg of U and 15 mg of Mg, which was easily filtered. In addition, if sodium hydroxide precipitation is used, 15 mg of U must be precipitated to produce 200 mg of Mg. The above electrolysis with 2 liters of seawater, precipitation about 4 hours, about 90% of the natural seawater in uranium was trapped.