欧洲是一种双元的媒体体制,我在这里主要讲的是广播。实际上双元体系并不存在,是大家想象的一个词。因为直到上世纪80年代之前都是公法性的电台电视台占主体,私人电台电视台还没有形成势力,之后我们开始做这样的两分,也就是双元体制。经过二十多年的发展,这种发展也是有巨大的不同和变化的。有很多付费电台电视台,比如说体育频道,一方面有公共电台电视台进行体育转播,另一方面也有付费电台电视台进行转播,另外还有宽网、互联网和电话。 Europe is a dual media system, and I am mainly talking about broadcasting here. In fact the binary system does not exist, is a word we imagine. Because public radio and television stations were the main body of public law until the 1980s, private radio and television stations have not formed their own power. After that, we started to make such two points, that is, a dual system. After more than two decades of development, there have also been huge differences and changes in this development. There are a lot of pay TV stations, for example, sports channels. On the one hand, there are public radio and television stations for sports broadcasting. On the other hand, there are pay radio and television stations for broadcasting. There are also wide networks, the Internet and telephones.