目的:观察早期目标导向镇静（EGDS）对急性脑损伤患者脑氧代谢的影响。方法:采用前瞻性队列研究，选择2015年1月至2019年12月解放军总医院第三医学中心重症医学科收治的108例急性脑损伤患者作为研究对象，根据患者病情、右美托咪定禁忌及耐受情况，并结合家属意愿将患者分为EGDS组和按需镇静组。两组患者均根据病情进行外科手术、机械通气、甘露醇脱水降颅压、止血或抗血小板等常规综合治疗，均持续泵入舒芬太尼镇痛。EGDS组给予以右美托咪定为基础的连续72 h镇静，输注速度0.2～0.7 μg·kgn -1·minn -1；按需镇静组仅在患者出现躁动而影响治疗时静脉推注0.5～1.0 mg/kg丙泊酚镇静。比较两组患者镇静前及镇静24、48、72 h血流动力学指标〔心率（HR）、平均动脉压（MAP）、脑灌注压（CPP）、颅内压（ICP）〕、镇静指标〔脑电双频指数（BIS）〕、病情严重程度指标〔急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）、格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）〕和脑氧代谢指标〔颈内静脉血乳酸（Lac）、颈内静脉血氧饱和度（SjvOn 2）、脑动脉血氧含量（CaOn 2）、脑氧摄取率（CEROn 2）、脑动脉-静脉血氧含量差（a-vDOn 2）〕的差异。n 结果:① 108例患者中，因脑出血行二次手术或脑疝剔除3例，最终共105例完成研究过程，其中EGDS组54例，按需镇静组51例。两组患者性别、年龄、颅脑损伤类型、GCS评分、机械通气比例、手术治疗比例差异均无统计学意义。②与镇静前相比，两组患者Lac、CEROn 2和a-vDOn 2均随镇静时间延长呈降低趋势，而SjvOn 2和CaOn 2逐渐升高；以EGDS组起效更快，Lac、SjvOn 2、CEROn 2和a-vDOn 2均于镇静24 h即较镇静前明显改善，且EGDS组镇静72 h时上述指标均明显优于按需镇静组〔Lac（mmol/L）：1.81±0.31比2.19±0.12，SjvOn 2：0.714±0.125比0.683±0.132，CaOn 2（mL/L）：201.21±15.25比179.65±14.07，CEROn 2：（27.87±3.66）%比（33.00±2.58）%，a-vDOn 2（mL/L）：44.32±5.68比48.57±8.22，均n P<0.05〕。③与镇静前相比，两组患者HR、MAP和ICP均随镇静时间延长呈下降趋势，而CPP、BIS和GCS评分均呈升高趋势；以EGDS组起效更快，镇静24 h时HR以及镇静48 h时MAP、CPP、BIS和GCS评分均较镇静前明显改善，且EGDS组镇静72 h时上述血流动力学指标、镇静指标和GCS评分均明显优于按需镇静组〔HR（次/min）：70.69±7.80比79.85±9.77，MAP（mmHg，1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa）：84.23±8.76比89.97±9.48，ICP（mmHg）：14.23±8.76比15.97±9.48，BIS：60.56±24.58比56.86±33.44，GCS评分（分）：8.06±3.63比7.86±2.98，均n P<0.05〕。两组患者APACHEⅡ评分均于镇静72 h时较镇静前明显降低，但两组间比较差异无统计学意义。n 结论:与按需镇静相比，EGDS能降低急性脑损伤患者脑氧代谢，改善昏迷程度，减轻病情严重程度。“,”Objective:To observe the effect of early goal directed sedation (EGDS) on cerebral oxygen metabolism in patients with acute brain injury.Methods:A prospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 108 patients with acute brain injury admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Third Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were enrolled. According to the patient's condition, dexmedetomidine contraindication and tolerance, and combined with the wishes of patients' families, they were divided into EGDS group and on-demand sedation group. Routine treatments such as surgery, mechanical ventilation, dehydration and reduction of intracranial pressure with mannitol, hemostasis or antiplatelets therapy were given according to the patient's condition. All patients were continuously given sufentanil by intravenous infusion for analgesia. Patients in the EGDS group were sedated by continuously intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (0.2-0.7 μg·kgn -1·minn -1) for 72 consecutive hours. Patients in the on-demand sedation group received intravenous bolus of propofol (0.5-1.0 mg/kg) when treatments were interfered due to agitation. Hemodynamic indexes [heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), intracranial pressure (ICP)], sedation indexes [bispectral index (BIS)], severity indexes [acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score, Glasgow coma score (GCS)] and cerebral oxygen metabolism indexes [jugular venous blood lactate (Lac), jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvOn 2), cerebral arterial oxygen content (CaOn 2), cerebral extraction rate of oxygen (CEROn 2), cerebral arteriovenous blood oxygen content difference (a-vDOn 2)] were compared between the two groups before sedation and at 24, 48 and 72 hours of sedation.n Results:① Among the 108 patients, 3 patients with cerebral hemorrhage received secondary surgery or had worsening of cerebral hernia were excluded. 105 patients were enrolled in the study, including 54 patients in the EGDS group and 51 patients in the on-demand sedation group. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, type of craniocerebral injury, GCS score, proportion of mechanical ventilation and operation ratio between the two groups. ② Compared with before sedation, Lac, CEROn 2 and a-vDOn 2 of both groups gradually reduced over time of sedation while SjvOn 2 and CaOn 2 were gradually higher. Those changes were more quickly in the EGDS group, Lac, SjOn 2, CEROn 2 and a-vDOn 2 significantly improved at 24 hours of sedation compared with those before sedation. Above indexes at 72 hours of sedation in the EGDS group were obviously better than those in the on-demand sedation group [Lac (mmol/L): 1.81±0.31 vs. 2.19±0.12, SjvOn 2: 0.714±0.125 vs. 0.683±0.132, CaOn 2 (mL/L): 201.21±15.25 vs. 179.65±14.07, CEROn 2: (27.87±3.66)% vs. (33.00±2.58)%, a-vDOn 2 (mL/L): 44.32±5.68 vs. 48.57±8.22, all n P < 0.05]. ③ Compared with before sedation, HR, MAP and ICP decreased in the two groups over time while CPP, BIS and GCS score showed increasing trend, especially more quickly in the EGDS group, HR at 24 hours of sedation, MAP, CPP, BIS and GCS score at 48 hours significantly improved as compared with those before sedation. Hemodynamics and sedation related parameters and GCS score at 72 hours of sedation in the EGDS group were significantly better than those in the on-demand sedation group [HR (bpm): 70.69±7.80 vs. 79.85±9.77, MAP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 84.23±8.76 vs. 89.97±9.48, ICP (mmHg): 14.23±8.76 vs. 15.97±9.48, BIS: 60.56±24.58 vs. 56.86±33.44, GCS score: 8.06±3.63 vs. 7.86±2.98, all n P < 0.05]. The APACHE Ⅱ scores were significantly reduced at 72 hours of sedation in both groups as compared with those before sedation, while there was no statistical difference between the two groups.n Conclusion:Compared with the on-demand sedation, EGDS could reduce cerebral oxygen metabolism, improve the coma degree, and reduce the severity of the disease in patients with acute brain injury.