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在历史唯物主义理论性质理解上的分歧主要发生于三种境域:政治实践、学科建设和文本解读。政治实践境域涉及的是要不要革命,以及如何看待人道主义思想等问题;学科建设境域涉及如何处理历史唯物主义与社会学的关系,以及什么是马克思主义哲学的讨论;文本解读境域则涉及的是经典作家对于历史唯物主义理论性质的界定,以及学者们依据经典作家的文本对历史唯物主义理论性质所做的解读。这三种境域,体现了一个逐步深入的过程。分歧的核心在于,人们在哲学和马克思主义哲学的概念理解上存在着不同认识。要解决分歧,首先要做的不是依赖经典作家的评价,也不是直接解读经典作家的文本,而应该从德国古典哲学的哲学概念出发,结合马克思主义的形成史,运用历史的和差异的分析方法,先确定马克思主义哲学的概念。以此为基础,确定历史唯物主义的理论性质。
The differences in the theoretical nature of historical materialism mainly occur in three kinds of contexts: political practice, discipline construction and text interpretation. The context of political practice involves the question of whether or not to revolutionize and how to treat humanitarianism. The field of disciplinary construction involves how to deal with the relationship between historical materialism and sociology, and what is the discussion of Marxist philosophy. What is involved in the context of textual interpretation is The definition of the theoretical nature of the historical materialism by the classical writers and the interpretation of the theoretical nature of the historical materialism by the scholars based on the texts of the classic writers. These three areas reflect a gradual process. The core of disagreement lies in the fact that people have different understandings in the conceptual understanding of philosophy and Marxist philosophy. To resolve the differences, the first thing to do is not rely on the evaluation of the classic writers nor the texts of the classical writers directly. Instead, we should proceed from the philosophical concepts of the German classical philosophy, combine the formation history of Marxism with the historical and the difference analysis methods , First determine the concept of Marxist philosophy. Based on this, the theoretical nature of historical materialism was determined.