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为明确大豆根系相关性状与产量的关系,为高产品种选育和栽培提供理论依据,在大田条件下,对超高产大豆品种和普通大豆品种的根系活力、根系伤流量、根系干重、产量及倒伏指数进行了比较研究。结果表明:R4～R6期根系活力、根系伤流量和根系干重均处于较高水平。R1～R6期超高产大豆品种根系活力、根系伤流量、根系干重均极显著高于普通大豆品种。V3～R4期施用适量或R6～R8期施用高量的磷酸二铵对3个根系性状具有显著促进作用,但施肥对大豆产量和倒伏指数影响不显著。R1～R6期根系活力、根系伤流量、根系干重三者间均呈显著正相关,且均与产量呈显著正相关,而与倒伏指数呈显著负相关。与普通大豆品种相比,在R1～R6期超高产大豆品种根系性状优势明显,这可能是其产量较高的原因之一。
In order to provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and cultivation of high-yielding varieties in order to clarify the relationship between root traits and yield, the effects of root activity, root trauma, root dry weight, yield and yield of super-high-yielding soybean varieties and common soybean varieties The lodging index was compared. The results showed that root activity, root trauma and root dry weight in R4 ~ R6 stage were all at a high level. Root activity, root trauma and dry root weight of R1 ~ R6 super high-yielding soybean varieties were significantly higher than those of common soybean varieties. During the period of application of V3 ~ R4 or the application of high content of DAP in R6 ~ R8 stage, the three root traits promoted significantly, but the effect of fertilization on soybean yield and lodging index was not significant. There was a significant positive correlation between root activity, root trauma and root dry weight in R1 ~ R6, and there was a significant positive correlation between root activity and root dry weight, and there was a significant positive correlation with yield, and a negative correlation with lodging index. Compared with common soybean varieties, root traits of super-high-yielding soybean varieties R1 ~ R6 have obvious advantages in root traits, which may be one of the reasons for their higher yield.