本文主要以默顿的失范理论作为分析视角研究流浪儿童的成因,并从儿童自身、家庭、朋辈群体、学校、社区、社会环境六个方面来说明文化目标和制度性手段之间存在矛盾才是儿童流浪的原因,即儿童在其社会化过程中理解文化目标和习得制度性手段方面存在缺位使得儿童对文化目标的理解存在偏差、无法运用合理性手段,造成儿童流浪。 This article mainly studies the causes of street children with Merton’s aversion theory as an analysis perspective and illustrates the contradiction between cultural goals and institutional measures from six aspects of children themselves, families, peer groups, schools, communities and social environment It is the reason why children are strayed. The absence of children’s understanding of cultural goals and acquisition of institutional means in their socialization makes children’s understanding of cultural goals deviated from each other and can not use reasonable means to cause children to stray.