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目的了解贵州省接尘工人疑似尘肺病患者肺结核患病情况及其影响因素。方法收集2013-2016年在我院职业健康体检中心进行职业健康检查的接尘人员资料,采用χ~2检验,分别分析性别、年龄、接尘工龄、行业等因素对肺结核患病情况的影响。结果共收集到17 071名接尘工人的资料,检出肺结核333例,检出率为2.0%。检出疑似尘肺病1 279名,合并肺结核28例,合并肺结核率为2.2%;接尘工人中男性肺结核检出率(2.2%)约为女性(0.5%)的4.29倍,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=25.408,P=0.000);接尘工人肺结核检出率随年龄增长而逐渐上升(χ~2趋势=112.438,P=0.000),疑似尘肺病患者中年龄≥45岁的肺结核检出率(2.7%)约为<45岁(1.3%)的2.05倍,但二者差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.575,P=0.109);接尘工人、疑似尘肺病人肺结核检出率有随接尘工龄增加而升高的趋势(χ~2趋势=9.233,P=0.002;χ~2趋势=5.969,P=0.015);煤矿行业接尘工人肺结核检出率(3.7%)高于非煤矿行业(1.2%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=109.613,P=0.000)。煤矿行业疑似尘肺病人肺结核检出率(2.4%)高于非煤矿行业(1.8%),但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.442,P=0.506)。结论接尘工人、疑似尘肺病患者更易于遭受肺结核侵害,年龄、性别、接尘工龄、行业均可影响肺结核患病情况,应根据这部分人群患病特点,加强重点人群、重点行业的职业健康监护工作和结核病防治工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence of tuberculosis among pneumoconiosis workers in Guizhou Province and its influential factors. Methods The data of occupational dust exposure in occupational health checkups in our hospital from 2013 to 2016 were collected. The chi2 test was used to analyze the influence of gender, age, occupational age and industry on the prevalence of tuberculosis. Results A total of 17 071 workers exposed to dust were collected and 333 cases of tuberculosis were detected. The detection rate was 2.0%. 1 279 cases of suspected pneumoconiosis were detected, 28 cases were complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis and 2.2% were complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. The detection rate of male pulmonary tuberculosis (2.2%) was 4.29 times that of female workers (0.5%), the differences (Χ ~ 2 trend = 112.438, P = 0.000). In patients with suspected pneumoconiosis, the detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was higher than or equal to 45 The detection rate of aged tuberculosis (2.7%) was about 2.05 times <45 years old (1.3%), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 2.575, P = 0.109) The detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis increased with the increase of service life (χ ~ 2 trend = 9.233, P = 0.002; trend of χ ~ 2 = 5.969, P = 0.015) %) Than non-coal mining industry (1.2%), the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 109.613, P = 0.000). The detection rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in coal mine suspected pneumoconiosis patients was 2.4% higher than that in non-coal mine industry (1.8%), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 0.442, P = 0.506). Conclusions Dust-exposed workers and suspected pneumoconiosis patients are more likely to suffer from tuberculosis. Age, sex, and the occupational exposure to dust may affect the prevalence of tuberculosis. Occupational health should be strengthened in key populations and key industries according to the prevalence of this group of people Guardianship work and tuberculosis prevention and control work.