结核病是由结核分枝杆菌引起死亡率最高的传染病。据WHO统计,全球约有1/3的人感染结核杆菌,但其中不足1/10的感染者发展为结核病,且每年不到0.1%的感染者死于该病[1]。近年来国内外研究普遍认为因为糖尿病、酗酒、HIV感染、应用激素治疗以及人口老龄化等危险因素造成结核感染只 Tuberculosis is the most morbidly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to the WHO statistics, about one third of the world’s people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but less than one in 10 of those people develop tuberculosis and less than 0.1% of the infected people die of the disease each year. In recent years, domestic and international studies generally believe that because of diabetes, alcohol abuse, HIV infection, the application of hormone therapy and population risk factors such as aging caused by tuberculosis only