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目的了解北京市昌平区食品及公共场所从业人员传染病(痢疾、伤寒、病毒性肝炎、活动性肺结核、化脓性或渗出性皮肤病)检出情况,为卫生监督部门对食品与公共场所的管理提供依据。方法收集2011—2015年昌平区健康检查资料进行动态分析。结果 2011—2015年在昌平区疾病预防控制中心进行健康检查的食品、公共场所从业人员共461 235人,其中女性281 978人,占61.14%;食品卫生从业人员357 086人,占77.42%。传染病检出率较低(0.081%)呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=85.96,P<0.01)。甲型病毒性肝炎、戊型病毒性肝炎检出率呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ_(甲肝)~2=21.06,χ_(戊肝)~2=19.46,均P<0.01);活动性肺结核病的检出率由2011年的0.067%逐步递减至2015年的0.019%,呈下降趋势(χ~2=180.43,P<0.01);而肠道病(伤寒、痢疾)、化脓性或渗出性皮肤病的检出率差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论 2011—2015年北京市昌平区食品及公共场所从业人员女性居多,传染病总检出率较低。今后除继续做好每年的健康检查外,还应加强卫生知识宣传和培训,提高从业人员防病意识。
Objective To understand the detection of infectious diseases (dysentery, typhoid fever, viral hepatitis, active pulmonary tuberculosis, purulent or exudative dermatosis) in food and public places in Changping District, Beijing for health supervision departments of food and public places Management provides basis. Methods The data of health examination in Changping District during 2011-2015 were collected for dynamic analysis. Results A total of 461 235 people were employed in the food and public places in Changping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2011 to 2015, of which 281 978 were women, accounting for 61.14%; and 357 086 were food sanitation workers, accounting for 77.42%. The detection rate of infectious diseases was low (0.081%), showing a trend of declining year by year with a significant difference (χ ~ 2 = 85.96, P <0.01). The detection rate of type A and type V hepatitis increased year by year with the difference statistically significant (χ_ (A) ~ 2 = 21.06, χ_ (E) ~ 2 = 19.46, both P <0.01). The detection rate of active pulmonary tuberculosis gradually decreased from 0.067% in 2011 to 0.019% in 2015, showing a decreasing trend (χ ~ 2 = 180.43, P <0.01). However, the incidences of intestinal diseases (typhoid, dysentery) Or exudative skin disease were no significant difference in the detection rate (all P> 0.05). Conclusions From 2011 to 2015, Changping District, Beijing, there are more women in food and public places, with a lower total detection rate of infectious diseases. In addition to continue to do an annual health check in the future, health knowledge should also be strengthened publicity and training to improve awareness of practitioners anti-disease.