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十月革命后苏俄的建立,打破了资本主义一统天下的局面。新中国的成立,使占世界近四分之一人口的大国走上了社会主义道路。苏俄和新中国都是从封建性的社会走向人民当家作主的社会,两者在建国初期面临着相同的任务,但是两国的基本国情却并不完全相同。本文以中苏两国建国的国情为基点,从经济条件、政治环境、民族传统、外交关系几个方面比较其异同,侧重点在于中国与苏俄的不同之处,旨在说明不仅要坚持马克思主义的基本原理,而且要根据各国不同的国情采取不同的政策和方法,走一条适合本国建设的特色之路。今年是苏联解体20周年,但我们党在辉煌与稳定发展中迎来建党90周年,抚今追昔,我们要吸取苏联解体的经验教训,建设好中国特色社会主义。
The establishment of Soviet Russia after the October Revolution broke the capitalist dominance. The founding of New China brought the great power, which occupies nearly a quarter of the world’s population, onto the socialist road. Both Russia and New China are from a feudal society to a people-headed society. Both of them face the same task in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, but their basic national conditions are not exactly the same. Based on the national conditions of the founding of China and the Soviet Union, this article compares the similarities and differences in economic conditions, political environment, national traditions and diplomatic relations with the emphasis on the differences between China and Soviet Russia. The purpose of this article is to show that not only Marxism Doctrine and basic principles of our country, we must adopt different policies and methods in accordance with the different national conditions of different countries and take the special road suitable for our country’s construction. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the dissolution of the Soviet Union. However, our party has ushered in the brilliant and steady development for the 90th anniversary of founding of the founding party. We should learn from the experience and lessons of the Soviet Union’s dissolution and build socialism with Chinese characteristics.