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海军红外搜索与跟踪(IRST)系统是一种被动监视装置。它能够在电磁敏感器使用效率比较低的区域,即沿地平线几度范围内,探测和跟踪空中和地面的威胁物。反舰艇海面掠行导弹性能的渐进提高,已经初步显示出了在舰艇自卫中从红外系统中可以得到的好处。雷达与红外搜索与跟踪系统的互补特性,还可以充分发挥多敏感器数据融合方面的有利条件。雷达和红外系统的结合使用凭借数据的冗余性,可以使探测变得安全可靠;它可以大大增强目标跟踪、分类及识别的能力,并且可以缩短作战系统的反应时间。设计一种红外搜索与跟踪系统,意味着要使技术选择与作战要求相符合,而这在成本方面将会受到越来越严格的制约。本文首先介绍在现代海战中使用红外搜索与跟踪系统所能得到的好处,然后回顾从第一代红外搜索与跟踪系统如VAMPIR到现在开始服役的第二代系统的发展历史。此外,还概括地介绍了SAGEMSA公司现有的供海军、空军以及地面应用使用的红外搜索与跟踪系统系列。
Navy infrared search and tracking (IRST) system is a passive surveillance device. It detects and tracks airborne and ground threats in areas where electromagnetic sensors are less efficient to use, that is, within a few degrees of the horizon. The gradual increase in performance of anti-ship surface-grasping missiles has initially shown the benefits that can be gained from infrared systems in self-defense of ships. The complementary features of radar and infrared search and tracking systems can also give full play to the advantages of multi-sensor data fusion. Combining Radar and Infrared Systems With the redundancy of data, detection can be made more secure; it greatly enhances the ability to track, classify and identify targets and shortens response time to combat systems. The design of an infrared search and tracking system means that technological choices need to be matched to operational requirements, which are subject to increasingly stringent constraints on costs. This article begins with an introduction to the benefits of using infrared search and tracking systems in modern naval battles and then reviews the history of second-generation systems that began operations with the first generation infrared search and tracking systems such as VAMPIR. In addition, a brief overview of SAGEMSA’s existing family of infrared search and tracking systems for naval, air force, and terrestrial applications is provided.