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佛教典籍文本的讹误问题,由来已久。禅籍尤其是禅宗语录,与一般因传播而致误的情况不同,最初记录的文字就有讹误。宋初睦庵善卿所撰《祖庭事苑》校订了当时通行的十七部禅籍,可借以了解当时流行的禅籍的文字记录实际情况。本文试用目前仍然具有可学可用价值的俞樾《古书疑义举例》的体例,将《祖庭事苑》中的442条校勘记载,分为十二个类型,并举例说明;另外挑出了睦庵书中一些有关常用虚词和方言词的注释,证明其可作汉语史研究的材料。本文旨在窥知在十二世纪初流布的禅籍的文字表达情况,了解睦庵的禅籍校雠学的学术价值。
The corruption of Buddhist texts has a long history. Zen books, especially Zen quotations, are different from those generally caused by dissemination. The first recorded text is corrupted. In the early days of the Song Dynasty, Um Son Yen-ching wrote a book entitled “Ancestral Court” to revise the seventeen Zen books that prevailed at that time so that we could understand the actual situation of the written records of popular Zen books. This article tries to use the method of “exemplifying the ancient book doubtful examples” that still can be learned and can be used now, and divides 442 collation records in “Zu Ting Yuan Yuan” into twelve types and gives examples by examples; in addition, Some annotations on the commonly used function words and dialect words in the book of Um, prove that they can be used as materials for the study of Chinese history. The purpose of this essay is to understand the expression of the Zen texts circulating in the early twelfth century and to understand the academic value of Buddhist monk studies in Mu Om.