我国现有五大棉区:黄河流域棉区;长江流域棉区;西北内陆棉区;辽河流域棉区;华南棉区。主要产棉区为黄河和长江流域两大棉区,占90%。而西北内陆棉区则处于很次要的地位(5%)。本文根据中国与世界主要产棉区的农业气候相似距及生产潜力的计算结果分析,认为目前棉花布局有必要进 China’s existing five major cotton areas: the Yellow River cotton area; the Yangtze River cotton area; the northwest inland cotton area; Liaohe River Basin cotton; South China cotton. The main cotton producing areas are the Yellow River and the Yangtze River two cotton areas, accounting for 90%. The northwest inland cotton area is in a very important position (5%). Based on the analysis of agricultural climate similarities and production potentials between China and the world’s major cotton producing areas, this paper argues that the current cotton layout is necessary