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下面的几种场合，使用虚拟语气时容易出错，学习时我们应加以注意。
一､表示要求､建议或命令等的名词性从句(即宾语从句､主语从句､表语从句和同位语从句)，其虚拟语气形式为should+动词原形，也可省略should，只用动词原形，但不可用would替换。
1.虚拟语气用于主语从句，表示惊奇､惋惜､怀疑等。例如:
It’s a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer.
很遗憾，他拒绝接受那个出价。
It is strange that he (should) have said so. 他那样说，真奇怪!
主语从句如果不表示惊讶或怀疑，则用陈述语气。例如:
It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday. 奇怪的是他昨天没有来。
2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句，表示要求､建议或命令，从句常跟在suggest， order， request， advise， insist， demand， command等动词后。例如:
The workers insisted that their wages (should) be increased.
工人们坚持要求涨工资。
The boss ordered that the workers (should) start to work at once.
老板命令工人们马上开工。
注意:有些多义动词后的宾语从句容易误用虚拟语气。请改正下列句子中的错误:
1. Her pale face suggested that she should be ill and I suggested that she should go to see the doctor.
2. We must urge that delegates will be elected from the various factories.
3. The driver insisted that she should be ill and she should take some medicine.
答案与说明:1.should be改为was。suggest表示“暗示”时，其宾语从句用陈述语气。2.去掉will或改will为should。urge表示“要求”时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气。3.should be改为was。insist表示“坚持认为”，其宾语从句用陈述语气。
3.名词suggestion， proposal， order， advice， demand等后的表语从句和同位语从句，常用虚拟语气形式。例如:
My suggestion is that we (should) learn another foreign language.
我的建议是我们再学一门外语。
The order is that they (should) arrive there by sunrise.
命令是他们要在天亮前到达那里。
He made the demand that we should give them more aid.
他要求我们给予他们更多的援助。
He gave orders that the guests should be hospitably entertained.
他命令周到地招待客人。
二､介词短语､分词短语､其他短语或从句，表示暗含的虚拟条件时，句子的谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式。
请改正下列句子中的错误:
1.Without water， the earth will be quite different.
没有水，地球就很不一样。
2.Given more time， he could do it better.
如果给了他更多的时间，他会把它做得更好。
3.I was married then. Otherwise I married her.
我那时已经结婚了，要不然，我会娶了她。
答案与说明:1.will改为would。Without water=If there were no water。2.could do改为could have done。Given more time=If he had been given more time。 3.married改为would have married。otherwise 暗含一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句:If I had not been married then。
三､在“It is time (that)…”和“…would rather (that)…”后面的从句中，谓语动词应采用虚拟语气的形式，即用动词的过去式或 should+动词原形，而且should 不可省略。例如:
It’s time that we went (should go) to bed. 是我们去睡觉的时候了。
It’s time that we paid (should pay) attention to improving the situation. 是我们注意改善环境的时候了。
I would rather you wrote him a letter. 我倒是宁愿你写一封信给他。
四､表示没有实现或无法实现的愿望时，wish后的宾语从句与其他名词性从句的虚拟语气形式不同。wish 后的宾语从句用动词的过去式和过去完成时，即与if虚拟条件句相同。例如:
I wish I could fly in the sky like a bird.
我希望我能像鸟一样在天空飞翔。
How I wish I had answered the teacher’s question correctly!
我多么希望我正确地回答了老师的问题。
五､as if/as though 引导的从句中的虚拟形式，与if引导的条件状语从句中的虚拟形式相同，但与之连用的主句谓语动词却要用陈述语气。例如:
He talks as if he were always right. 他说起话来好像他一贯正确。
She seems as if she had been ill. 她似乎生过病。
He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.
他看起来好像刚从我的故事书里跳出来似的。
六､有时主句或条件状语从句的语气和时态有混杂的情况。例如:
1.If he had joined the army thirty years ago， he would be a general now. 如果他30年前参了军，他现在就是将军了。(从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句则表示与现在事实相反的假设。)
2.If I had missed， I was going to use this arrow on you.
如果我没有射中(苹果)， 我就用这支箭射你。(从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句的“用箭射你”是说话人当时的真实意图，故用陈述语气was going to use。)
七､在if only引起的感叹句中，其虚拟语气形式与if虚拟条件句相同。例如:
If only I had come two days earlier! 我要是早来两天就好了!
If only he were here!要是他在这里就好了!
If only I had more money， I could help more people.
如果我有更多的钱，我就能帮助更多的人。
注意:only if从句中，不使用虚拟语气，通常与主句连用，即不单独使用。例如:
Only if I have enough money， will I build a good laboratory of my own. 如果我有足够的钱，我就会建一个自己的实验室。
八､虚拟语气用于表示委婉的责备口吻时，有时容易与表示推测的用法混淆。记住:表示推测时，用情态动词may， can 或might， could都可以，只是might， could语气比may， can更不肯定;表示委婉的责备口吻时，只能用might， could，不用may， can。例如:
He can/could not have gone home. 他不可能已经回家了。(推测)
If he had worked hard， he could/might have passed the examination.
如果他学习努力的话，他本来是能够通过考试的。(虚拟)
一､表示要求､建议或命令等的名词性从句(即宾语从句､主语从句､表语从句和同位语从句)，其虚拟语气形式为should+动词原形，也可省略should，只用动词原形，但不可用would替换。
1.虚拟语气用于主语从句，表示惊奇､惋惜､怀疑等。例如:
It’s a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer.
很遗憾，他拒绝接受那个出价。
It is strange that he (should) have said so. 他那样说，真奇怪!
主语从句如果不表示惊讶或怀疑，则用陈述语气。例如:
It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday. 奇怪的是他昨天没有来。
2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句，表示要求､建议或命令，从句常跟在suggest， order， request， advise， insist， demand， command等动词后。例如:
The workers insisted that their wages (should) be increased.
工人们坚持要求涨工资。
The boss ordered that the workers (should) start to work at once.
老板命令工人们马上开工。
注意:有些多义动词后的宾语从句容易误用虚拟语气。请改正下列句子中的错误:
1. Her pale face suggested that she should be ill and I suggested that she should go to see the doctor.
2. We must urge that delegates will be elected from the various factories.
3. The driver insisted that she should be ill and she should take some medicine.
答案与说明:1.should be改为was。suggest表示“暗示”时，其宾语从句用陈述语气。2.去掉will或改will为should。urge表示“要求”时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气。3.should be改为was。insist表示“坚持认为”，其宾语从句用陈述语气。
3.名词suggestion， proposal， order， advice， demand等后的表语从句和同位语从句，常用虚拟语气形式。例如:
My suggestion is that we (should) learn another foreign language.
我的建议是我们再学一门外语。
The order is that they (should) arrive there by sunrise.
命令是他们要在天亮前到达那里。
He made the demand that we should give them more aid.
他要求我们给予他们更多的援助。
He gave orders that the guests should be hospitably entertained.
他命令周到地招待客人。
二､介词短语､分词短语､其他短语或从句，表示暗含的虚拟条件时，句子的谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式。
请改正下列句子中的错误:
1.Without water， the earth will be quite different.
没有水，地球就很不一样。
2.Given more time， he could do it better.
如果给了他更多的时间，他会把它做得更好。
3.I was married then. Otherwise I married her.
我那时已经结婚了，要不然，我会娶了她。
答案与说明:1.will改为would。Without water=If there were no water。2.could do改为could have done。Given more time=If he had been given more time。 3.married改为would have married。otherwise 暗含一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句:If I had not been married then。
三､在“It is time (that)…”和“…would rather (that)…”后面的从句中，谓语动词应采用虚拟语气的形式，即用动词的过去式或 should+动词原形，而且should 不可省略。例如:
It’s time that we went (should go) to bed. 是我们去睡觉的时候了。
It’s time that we paid (should pay) attention to improving the situation. 是我们注意改善环境的时候了。
I would rather you wrote him a letter. 我倒是宁愿你写一封信给他。
四､表示没有实现或无法实现的愿望时，wish后的宾语从句与其他名词性从句的虚拟语气形式不同。wish 后的宾语从句用动词的过去式和过去完成时，即与if虚拟条件句相同。例如:
I wish I could fly in the sky like a bird.
我希望我能像鸟一样在天空飞翔。
How I wish I had answered the teacher’s question correctly!
我多么希望我正确地回答了老师的问题。
五､as if/as though 引导的从句中的虚拟形式，与if引导的条件状语从句中的虚拟形式相同，但与之连用的主句谓语动词却要用陈述语气。例如:
He talks as if he were always right. 他说起话来好像他一贯正确。
She seems as if she had been ill. 她似乎生过病。
He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.
他看起来好像刚从我的故事书里跳出来似的。
六､有时主句或条件状语从句的语气和时态有混杂的情况。例如:
1.If he had joined the army thirty years ago， he would be a general now. 如果他30年前参了军，他现在就是将军了。(从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句则表示与现在事实相反的假设。)
2.If I had missed， I was going to use this arrow on you.
如果我没有射中(苹果)， 我就用这支箭射你。(从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句的“用箭射你”是说话人当时的真实意图，故用陈述语气was going to use。)
七､在if only引起的感叹句中，其虚拟语气形式与if虚拟条件句相同。例如:
If only I had come two days earlier! 我要是早来两天就好了!
If only he were here!要是他在这里就好了!
If only I had more money， I could help more people.
如果我有更多的钱，我就能帮助更多的人。
注意:only if从句中，不使用虚拟语气，通常与主句连用，即不单独使用。例如:
Only if I have enough money， will I build a good laboratory of my own. 如果我有足够的钱，我就会建一个自己的实验室。
八､虚拟语气用于表示委婉的责备口吻时，有时容易与表示推测的用法混淆。记住:表示推测时，用情态动词may， can 或might， could都可以，只是might， could语气比may， can更不肯定;表示委婉的责备口吻时，只能用might， could，不用may， can。例如:
He can/could not have gone home. 他不可能已经回家了。(推测)
If he had worked hard， he could/might have passed the examination.
如果他学习努力的话，他本来是能够通过考试的。(虚拟)