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《辞源》第一册p197“伯”下列八个义项,其中:父亲的哥哥。北齐颜之推《颜氏家训·风操》:“古人皆呼伯父叔父,而今多单呼伯、叔。”《辞源》第一册p452“叔”下列七个义项,其中称呼。1.父之弟,也指与父平辈,而年龄比父小的人。见“叔父”王力《汉语史稿》下册p506:“在上古时代,表示父亲的兄或弟要用‘伯父’或‘叔父’,不能单用‘伯’、‘叔’。到了中古时代,才能用‘伯’、‘叔’来代表父辈。例如:梁周兴嗣千字文:‘诸姑伯叔,犹子比儿。’”《汉语史稿》与《辞源》,引例最早为梁周兴嗣之《千字文》,而《千字文》乃字书,迫于四字一句,缩简称呼也未可知。《颜氏家训》为隋代文献,亦失之过晚。就本人所见,伯父、叔父单呼为叔、伯,于东晋、刘宋时已然。
“Ci Yuan” first volume p197 “Bo” the following eight senses, of which: his father’s brother. North Qi Yan’s push, “Yan’s Family Instructions · Feng Cao”: “The ancients call uncle, now more than a single call, uncle.” “Ci” the first volume p452 “uncle” the following seven senses, which is called. 1. The brother of the Father, also refers to the elder generation, while the younger than the father. See “Uncle” Wang Li “Chinese History Draft” Volume p506: “In ancient times, said his father’s brother or brother to use ’uncle’ or ’uncle’, can not be used alone, ’uncle’ to the Middle Ages For example: Liang Zhouxing heir Thousands of words: ’Uncle Zhu, Utah children than’. ”“ Chinese ”and“ Etymology ”, cited the first example of Liang Zhouxing heir “Thousand characters”, and “Thousand characters” is a text book, forced four words, abbreviation also unknown. “Yan Family Instructions” for the Sui Dynasty literature, but also too late. As far as I can see, my uncle and uncle talked uncles and uncle.