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选择ＨＣＶ基因组５’非编码区的两对引物，利用逆转录巢式ＰＣＲ技术对３５例慢性丙型肝炎患者的血清中正链ＨＣＶＲＮＡ、ＰＢＭＣ中正、负链ＨＣＶＲＮＡ进行检测。结果血清中正链ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性率为６２．９％（２２／３５），ＰＢＭＣ中正链ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的阳性率为５４．３％（１９／３５），负链ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的阳性率为３４．３％（１２／３５）。同时对第２次ＰＣＲ的阳性产物进行限制性片段长度多态性分析（ＲＦＬＰ），进一步证实ＰＣＲ产物为ＨＣＶ特异性扩增产物，结果说明ＨＣＶ能在ＰＢＭＣ中存在或复制，即肝细胞并非ＨＣＶ感染与复制的唯一场所。ＰＢＭＣ可能作为病毒长期滞留场所，使病毒感染持续存在，是丙型肝炎易发生慢性化的原因之一。
Two pairs of primers of HCV 5 ’untranslated region (HCV) were selected to detect positive and negative HCVRNA in positive serum of 35 chronic hepatitis C patients by reverse transcription nested-PCR. Results The positive rate of positive HCVRNA in serum was 62.9% (22/35), the positive rate of positive HCV RNA in PBMC was 54.3% (19/35) and the negative rate of negative HCV RNA was 34.3% (12 / 35). The results of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP) of the positive product of the second PCR further confirmed that the PCR product was an HCV specific amplification product, indicating that HCV can exist or be replicated in the PBMC, ie, the hepatocytes are not HCV Infection and reproduction of the only place. PBMC may be used as a long-term virus retention sites, so that the virus infection persists, is one of the causes of chronic hepatitis C susceptibility.