目的 探讨非侵入性取材的尿沉渣培养和尿沉渣聚合酶链反应 (PCR)－杂交梳法检测淋球菌在诊断与治疗中的意义。方法 ①以金标准的拭子培养法与以上 2种方法相对照；②同一患者的标本用以上 3种方法进行检测。结果 3种淋球菌的检测方法均有较高检出率，其符合率、特异性和敏感性（男性分别为 94.80％、 94.81％和 95.35％；女性分别为 94.35％、 96.97％和 84.10％）差异无显著性（ P >0.05），而且同一患者的标本拭子培养与尿沉渣 PCR－杂交梳法之间（符合率、特异性和敏感性分别为 94.76％、 96.02％和 91.17％）亦无差异（ P >0.05）。 结论 非侵入性取材的尿沉渣及 PCR－杂交梳法或可取代拭子培养，可广泛用于性病防治工作、临床诊断与治疗； PCR－杂交梳法可能更具优点，但鉴于我国国情，目前更应推广尿沉渣培养法检测出淋球菌。 Objective To investigate the urine sediment culture and urinary sediment polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of noninvasive material - the significance of detecting the gonococcus in diagnosis and treatment by hybrid comb method. Methods ① gold standard swab culture method compared with the above two methods; ② the same patient specimens were tested by the above three methods. Results The detection rate of all three gonococcal strains was high, with the coincidence rate, specificity and sensitivity (94.80%, 94.81% and 95.35% for males and 94.35%, 96.97% and 84.10% for females, respectively) There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the same patient’s swab culture and urine sediment PCR-hybridization comb method (94.76%, 96.02% and 91.17%, respectively) Difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion Non-invasive urine sediment and PCR-hybridized comb can be used in place of swab to culture, which can be widely used in the prevention and treatment of STDs, clinical diagnosis and treatment. PCR-hybridization comb method may be more advantages, but given the national conditions of our country, Urine sediment should be promoted to detect gonococcal culture.