论文部分内容阅读
目的通过对G75线兰海高速公路钦州市路段交通事故伤特点进行分析,为交通伤的预防和救治提供科学依据。方法对G75线兰海高速公路钦州市路段2011年1月1日~2014年12月31日间交通事故伤资料进行整理,按造成交通事故的起因、时间分布、伤残情况进行回顾性分析。结果高速公路交通伤平均年龄40.8岁,男女比例为2.65∶1;交通事故发生在第2、第3季度所占的比重较大,24小时时间段分布以上午10:00~12:00为多发,其次是凌晨0:00~2:00较多,分别占15.24%和10.97%,一周分布中星期六发生交通事故最多;皮肤软组织、四肢脊柱、颅脑损伤为高速公路交通伤常见的损伤部位;事故原因排名前五位的分别是疲劳驾驶、操作不当、未与前车保持安全距离、违规超车、超速驾驶。结论交通事故发生原因是多方面的,但很多是可控的,只要采取有效的措施便能降低高速公路交通事故发生率;同时应加强医疗急救、交警、消防联动协作,建立院前院内一体化急救创伤中心,有效救治伤员,从而能够降低交通伤致残率、致死率。
Objective To analyze the traumatic characteristics of traffic accidents in Qinzhou section of G75 line Lanhai Expressway and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of traffic injuries. Methods The traffic accident injury data were collected from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014 in Qinzhou section of Lanzhou-Gansu-Lanhai Expressway. The causes of traffic accidents, time distribution and disability were retrospectively analyzed. Results The average age of traffic injuries on expressways was 40.8 years old, with a male-female ratio of 2.65: 1. Traffic accidents occurred in the second and third quarters with a large proportion. The distribution of 24-hour time periods was mostly from 10:00 to 12:00 , Followed by more from 0:00 to 2:00 in the morning, accounting for 15.24% and 10.97% respectively, with the highest number of traffic accidents on Saturday in the week. Skin and soft tissue, spine and craniocerebral injury were the common injury sites of highway traffic injuries. The top five causes of accidents are fatigue driving, improper operation, no safe distance with the vehicle ahead, illegal overtaking and speeding. Conclusions The causes of traffic accidents are many, but many are controllable. As long as effective measures are taken, the incidence of highway accidents can be reduced. At the same time, medical emergency treatment, traffic police and fire fighting should be strengthened to establish an integrated hospital front courtyard Emergency trauma center, effective treatment of the wounded, which can reduce the traffic accident caused by mutilation, fatality rate.