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目的分析老年哮喘病的发病诱因和并发症。方法对285例哮喘病患者进行分类,其中老年哮喘病组112例,非老年哮喘病组173例,分别对两组的发病诱因和并发症进行比较分析。随机将112例老年哮喘病患者分为3组,其中A组38例,B组38例,C组36例,A组交替使用β2受体激动剂、糖皮质激素和抗胆碱药物等三种药物,B组选用其中两种药物,也交替用药,C组只用其中一种药物。各组均进行雾化吸入治疗,3次/d,每次治疗20min,7d为1个疗程,交替用药各组每次只使用其中一种药物。结果老年组有家族史者8例(7.14%),非老年组20例(11.56%),P>0.05。老年组有过敏性鼻炎史者13例(11.61%),非老年组28例(16.18%),P>0.05;老年组重度哮喘65例(58.03%)。中度46例(41.07%);非老年组重度68例(39.31%),中度105例(60.69%),P<0.05。老年组动脉血气PaO2(88.56±5.38)mmHg,PACO2(34.55±6.15)mmHg,非老年组PaO2(86.75±6.23)mmHg,PaCO2(39.24±6.98)mmHg,P均>0.05。结论哮喘病是一种对公众健康有巨大威胁的复杂疾病。对老年哮喘病患者应给予高度重视,有效的做好老年哮喘病的临床治疗,以提高老年人身体健康。
Objective To analyze the causes and complications of senile asthma. Methods 285 cases of asthma patients were classified, of which 112 cases of elderly asthma group, 173 cases of non-elderly asthma group, respectively, the incidence of complications and complications were compared. One hundred and twelve elderly patients with asthma were randomly divided into three groups, including 38 cases in group A, 38 cases in group B and 36 cases in group C. Three groups of drugs, β2 agonist, glucocorticoid and anticholinergic, were alternately used in group A, In group B, two of them were used alternately, and only one of them was used in group C. All groups were treated with inhalation of nebulization, 3 times / d, each treatment for 20min, 7d for a course of treatment, alternating with each group only use one of each drug. Results There were 8 cases (7.14%) in the elderly group and 20 cases (11.56%) in the non-elderly group with family history, P> 0.05. 13 cases (11.61%) had senile allergic rhinitis in aged group, 28 cases (16.18%) in non-senile group, P> 0.05; 65 cases (58.03%) of elderly severe asthma. 46 cases were moderate (41.07%), 68 cases (39.31%) were non-elderly and 105 cases (60.69%) were moderate, P <0.05. PaO2 (88.56 ± 5.38) mmHg, PACO2 (34.55 ± 6.15) mmHg in the elderly group and PaO2 (39.24 ± 6.98) mmHg in the non-elderly group were higher than those in the non-elderly group (P> 0.05). Conclusion Asthma is a complex disease that poses a tremendous threat to public health. Elderly patients with asthma should be given high priority, effective treatment of elderly patients with asthma to improve the health of the elderly.