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紧急避险作为一项法律制度,在我国刑事法律中属于排除社会危害性行为,在民事法律中作为免除侵权责任的抗辩事由。这项法律制度在不同的部门法中有其不同的法律价值追求,所要达到的价值目标不同。刑事法律中,紧急避险追求的是秩序价值;民事法律中追求的是自由价值。但本文认为,在法律的价值目标体系中,正义这一法律价值目标应该是法律所追求的首要目标。正如罗尔斯所说,“正义”是社会制度的首要价值。
As a legal system, emergency avoidance belongs to the act of excluding social harmfulness in criminal law of our country and the defensive cause of exempting tort liability in civil law. This legal system has its own pursuit of different legal values in different sectoral laws, with different goals of value to be achieved. In criminal law, the pursuit of emergency and hedging is the value of order; the pursuit of freedom law in civil law. However, this article argues that in the legal value system, the legal value of justice should be the primary goal sought by law. As Rawls put it, “justice” is the primary value of the social system.