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有效识别海州湾海域水质特征,可为其海洋环境的保护和管理提供决策参考。依据2009年12月33个站位的环境调查数据,采用聚类分析划分调查站位类别并识别其空间相似性,通过因子分析探讨海水主要污染源组成和空间分布特征。空间聚类分析显示,海州湾南北两侧污染状况存在区域差异性(南高北低),各入海河口影响区域可划分为不同类型,连云港滨海新区北侧和龙王河口北侧的污染类型与其他站位具有明显差异。因子分析表明,影响海州湾水质的主成分有4类,包括来自临洪河口的陆域污染影响(营养盐类、铜、锌),海洋工程活动对沉积物的扰动(铅、铜、锌),临洪河口和岚山港区的组合影响(溶解氧、汞)和特定区域污染(铬),其方差贡献率分别为47.4%、16.4%、13.9%和9.1%。分析结果表明,海州湾水质具有明显空间分布特性,海洋环境调查站位的布设需兼顾到不同类型区域,方能全面反映海洋水质环境现状。
Effective identification of the water quality characteristics of the sea area of Haizhou Bay can provide decision reference for the protection and management of its marine environment. Based on the environmental survey data of 33 stations in December 2009, the cluster analysis was used to classify the survey stations and identify their spatial similarities. The factor analysis was used to explore the composition and spatial distribution of major pollution sources in seawater. Spatial cluster analysis shows that there are regional differences (North and South low) in the pollution status of the northern and southern sides of Haizhou Bay. The influence areas of the estuaries can be divided into different types. The pollution types in the north of Lianyungang Binhai New Area and the north of Longwang Estuary Other stations have significant differences. Factor analysis shows that there are four main components affecting the water quality of Haizhou Bay, including the influence of land pollution (nutrients, copper and zinc) from Linhong Estuary and the disturbance of sediments by marine engineering activities (lead, copper and zinc ), The combined impact (dissolved oxygen and mercury) of Linhong estuary and Lanshan port area, and the specific area pollution (chromium), the variance contribution rates were 47.4%, 16.4%, 13.9% and 9.1% respectively. The analysis results show that the water quality of Haizhou Bay has obvious spatial distribution characteristics. The layout of marine environment survey stations needs to take into account different types of areas in order to fully reflect the current status of marine water environment.