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为了解神农架地区土壤的基本肥力特征,在神农架进行为期20多天的野外土壤调查,采集156个土壤样品,并分析测定土壤砾石含量、pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量.结果表明,神农架土壤砾石含量在0～87%之间,砾石含量大于10%的土壤占65.4%.土壤pH在3.8～8.0之间,酸性和强酸性土壤占73.1%,没有强碱性土壤.土壤有机质含量分别在1.9～144.0g kg-1之间,有机质丰富的占50%.碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量范围分别为26～766、1.8～115.3和16～399mg kg-1,碱解氮丰富的土壤占67.3%,速效磷丰富的土壤不足20%,而缺乏的却占63%,速效钾丰富和缺乏各占30%左右.相关分析表明,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾相互之间均呈极显著的线性相关,土壤有机质与碱解氮的相关性最高,与速效磷的相关性最低.总之,神农架土壤具有砾质性,以酸性土壤为主,有机质和碱解氮处于丰富水平,速效磷处于缺乏水平,速效钾处于中等水平.
In order to understand the basic fertility characteristics of soil in Shennongjia region, a field soil survey of more than 20 days in Shennongjia was conducted. 156 soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil gravel content, pH, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium The results showed that the content of soil gravel in Shennongjia was between 0 and 87%, the content of gravel more than 10% accounted for 65.4%, the soil pH was between 3.8 and 8.0, acid and strong acid soil accounted for 73.1% Soil organic matter content was between 1.9 ~ 144.0g kg-1 and organic matter was 50%, respectively.The content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 26 ~ 766,1.8 ~ 115.3 and 16 ~ 399mg kg- 1, 67.3% of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen-rich soil, less than 20% of available-phosphorus-rich soil, 63% of the total lack of available potassium, and 30% of the total available and available potassium.Analysis showed that soil organic matter, , Available phosphorus and available potassium showed a significant linear correlation between each other, the highest correlation between soil organic matter and alkalized nitrogen, and the lowest correlation with available phosphorus. In short, Shennongjia soil with gravel, acidic soil-based , Organic matter and alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen at a rich level , Available phosphorus in the lack of level, available potassium at a moderate level.