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以‘寒富’苹果为试材,研究半根交替灌水、半根灌水及干旱处理对苹果叶片光合功能和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:与对照(常规灌水)相比,3种亏缺灌水处理对叶片净光合速率(Pn)和气孔导度(Gs)的抑制作用表现为干旱处理>半根灌水处理>半根交替灌水处理。半根交替灌水、半根灌水和干旱处理的叶绿素含量均是先升高,在第9天出现峰值后明显降低,干旱处理的叶绿素含量一直是最低的。3个处理的叶片脯氨酸含量随着处理时间的延长持续升高,干旱处理的脯氨酸含量最高,半根交替灌水处理的最低。3个处理的抗氧化酶活性变化各异,干旱和半根灌水处理的SOD酶活性先显著升高,在第9天出现峰值后迅速降低,半根交替灌水处理提高了SOD酶活性且一直较稳定;半根灌水和半根交替灌水处理的POD和CAT酶活性变化趋势相似,均在第9天出现峰值后呈下降的趋势,干旱处理的POD和CAT酶活性则是先显著升高,在第9天后维持在较高水平;3个处理均提高了叶片电导率和MDA含量,其中干旱处理显著高于其他处理,半根交替灌水处理最低。总之,半根交替灌水方式产生的水分胁迫较轻,并在减少灌水量的同时能维持较高的光合效率,可实现果树的节水栽培。
The experiment was conducted to study the effects of half root irrigation, half root irrigation and drought treatment on photosynthetic function and antioxidant enzyme activities of apple leaves. The results showed that compared with the control (conventional irrigation), the three deficit irrigation treatments showed the inhibition effects on the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the leaves as drought treatment> half-root irrigation> half-root alternate irrigation deal with. Half-root alternate irrigation, half-irrigation and drought treatment of chlorophyll content were first increased, after the peak on the 9th day was significantly reduced, the chlorophyll content of drought treatment has been the lowest. The proline content in the leaves of three treatments continued to increase with the prolongation of treatment time, the content of proline in drought treatment was the highest, and the treatment of alternation irrigation by half a root was the lowest. The activities of antioxidant enzymes of three treatments changed differently. The activities of SOD in drought and half irrigation treatments increased significantly, and then decreased rapidly after the peak appeared on the 9th day. Half-root alternation irrigation treatment increased SOD activity The activities of POD and CAT in half-irrigation and half-irrigation were similar, and all showed a trend of decreasing after the peak on the 9th day. The activities of POD and CAT in the arid treatment were significantly increased at the first After the 9th day, the leaf electrical conductivity and MDA content increased. All the three treatments increased the leaf conductivity and MDA content. Among them, the drought treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments, and the semi-root alternation irrigation treatment was the lowest. In short, the semi-root alternate irrigation method produces less water stress, and can reduce irrigation while maintaining high photosynthetic efficiency, fruit trees can achieve water-saving cultivation.