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通过盆栽试验研究了接种丛枝菌根真菌(AM真菌)、种植共生植物(三叶草)、添加重金属螯合物EDTA和磷肥磷酸钙对铅污染下瞿麦生长和品质的影响,为科学种植中药材提供理论依据.结果表明:接种AM真菌可以显著抑制铅的吸收(P<0.05),促进根部发育,使根冠比增大,且活性成分累积最多,大黄素含量为6.5 mg·g~(-1);与三叶草共生后,抑制铅吸收的效果不佳且药材品质下降,大黄素含量低于对照组,降至3.2 mg·g~(-1).但在AM真菌共同参与后瞿麦的生长量和活性成分有所增加,铅含量达到最低,低至1.3 mg·g~(-1);添加重金属螯合剂会使瞿麦生长量下降并促进根部对铅的吸收,铅含量最高可达340.0 mg·g~(-1);磷酸钙可固定土壤中其他重金属元素,故更适宜在复合型污染时使用.综合考虑,在保护中药材安全、品质方面AM真菌具有良好的应用价值.
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), symbiotic plants (clover), EDTA with added heavy metal chelates and calcium phosphate fertilizer on the growth and quality of D. pseudoacacia under lead pollution. The results showed that AM fungi could significantly inhibit the absorption of lead (P <0.05), promote root development, and increase the ratio of root to shoot with the highest accumulation of active components. The content of emodin was 6.5 mg · g ~ (-1) ). After symbiosis with clover, the effect of inhibiting lead absorption was poor and the quality of medicinal materials was decreased, while the content of emodin was lower than that of the control group to 3.2 mg · g -1 And the active ingredients increased, the content of lead reached the lowest level as low as 1.3 mg · g -1. The addition of heavy metal chelating agent could reduce the growth of the podgrass and promote the absorption of lead in the roots, with the highest Pb content of 340.0 mg · g ~ (-1). Calcium phosphate can fix other heavy metal elements in the soil, so it is more suitable to be used in compound pollution.Considering, AM fungi have a good application value in protecting the safety and quality of Chinese herbal medicines.