乔治·卢卡奇是西方马克思主义最著名、最有影响的思想家之一 ;他青年时期的《历史和阶级意识》一书是本世纪最早、最系统提出异化理论的著作。异化问题可以说是贯穿于“西方马克思主义”的当代资本主义社会理论的一根红线 ,为此它成为当代学术界研究的一个重要领域。本文试图 George Lukacs is one of the most famous and influential thinker in western Marxism. The book “History and Class Consciousness” in his youth is the earliest and most systematic theory of alienation in this century. It can be said that the alienation problem is a red line penetrating the contemporary capitalist social theory of “Western Marxism.” Therefore, it has become an important field of contemporary academic research. This article attempts