论文部分内容阅读
对绥农14系谱中14个品种进行大田及盆栽试验,揭示同一大豆系谱的产量及相关生理性状演化趋势,探讨未来大豆品种改良的关键性状。结果表明:经过5个世代的杂交重组,鼓粒初期(R5)的光合速率显著增加,绥农14最高,为16.2mmol.m-.2s-1,且光合速率的增加与产量显著相关(P<0.05),但叶面积指数(LAI)没有规律性的变化;通过系统选育,根系形态性状也发生显著变化,从绥农14的早代亲本到晚代亲本,根重、根长及根表面积均有不同程度的提高,但主要表现为生殖生长后期;抗性方面,倒伏级别从4(75%倒伏)下降到1(无倒伏),籽粒病虫害比率也分别从5.3%和20%降低至0和6.8%;生殖生长后期的干物质积累、收获指数及荚粒数的增加与产量的提高密切相关,而百粒重对产量的提高贡献不大。
Fourteen varieties of Suining 14 pedigree were field and pot experiment to reveal the evolution of the same soybean pedigree yield and related physiological traits to explore the key characters of future soybean varieties. The results showed that after 5 generations of recombination, the photosynthesis rate of R5 increased significantly, and the highest of Suinong14 was 16.2 mmol.m-2s-1, and the increase of photosynthetic rate was significantly correlated with the yield (P <0.05), but there was no regular change in leaf area index (LAI). The morphological traits of root system also changed significantly by systematic breeding. From the early parents of Suining 14 to the late parents, root weight, root length and root The surface area increased with different degrees, but mainly in the later period of reproductive growth. In the aspect of resistance, the lodging level decreased from 4 (75% lodging) to 1 (no lodging), and the percentages of grain pests and diseases decreased from 5.3% and 20% to 0 and 6.8% respectively. The increase of dry matter accumulation, harvest index and pod number in the later stage of reproductive growth was closely related to the increase of yield, while the 100-grain weight did not contribute much to the increase of yield.