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目的了解重庆市沙坪坝区社区居民主要慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)的流行现状及其危险因素,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法通过分阶段系统抽样的方法,对沙坪坝区1 544名20岁以上社区居民进行慢性病患病情况及相关因素调查。结果共调查1 544人,其中男性723人,女性821人。慢性病患病率前三位依次是:高血压患病率为11.66%(标化率11.56%),糖尿病患病率为6.87%(标化率7.03%),脑卒中患病率为3.50%(标化率3.99%)。调查分析显示:年龄、文化程度、吸烟、喜咸食、喜甜食、常食油炸食物、未参加体育锻炼是慢性病主要相关危险因素。结论高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中是危害社区居民健康的主要慢性病,应当采取综合性预防措施,改变不良的生活习惯和方式,降低慢性病的发病率。
Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of major chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) in community residents in Shapingba District of Chongqing and provide scientific basis for formulating corresponding intervention measures. Methods A total of 1 544 community residents over the age of 20 in Shapingba district were investigated for the prevalence of chronic diseases and related factors through a systematic sampling method. Results A total of 1 544 people were investigated, including 723 males and 821 females. The top three chronic diseases prevalence rate was 11.66% (standardization rate of 11.56%), the prevalence of diabetes was 6.87% (standardized rate of 7.03%), the prevalence of stroke was 3.50% ( Standardization rate of 3.99%). Survey and analysis showed that: age, educational level, smoking, hi salty food, like sweet food, often eat fried food, not participating in physical exercise is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. Conclusions Hypertension, diabetes and stroke are the major chronic diseases that endanger the health of community residents. Comprehensive preventive measures should be taken to change the bad habits and ways to reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.