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目的:了解钦州市钦南区乡镇寄宿制中学生营养不良变化趋势,为教育部门制定学生营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法:采用横断面调查的方法,收集2012-2015年钦州市钦南区乡镇寄宿制中学全体中学生健康体检年报资料进行统计分析。结果:营养不良率从2012年的25.13%上升到2015年的28.18%,各年营养不良发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=37.371,P<0.05);呈逐年上升趋势。不同年级间营养不良率差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.401,P<0.013),男生营养不良率(35.27%)高于女生(15.63%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 848.461,P<0.001),两者均呈缓慢上升趋势。结论:钦州市钦南区乡镇寄宿制中学生存在营养健康问题,应采取综合措施改善农村寄宿制中学生营养状况,促进中学生的健康成长。
Objective: To understand the trend of malnutrition among boarding middle school students in Qinan District, Qinzhou City, and provide a scientific basis for formulating the student nutrition intervention measures in the education department. Methods: The cross-sectional survey method was used to collect the annual health examination data of all middle school students from Qinnan District, Qinzhou District, 2012-2015 for statistical analysis. Results: The rate of malnutrition increased from 25.13% in 2012 to 28.18% in 2015, and the incidence of malnutrition in each year was significantly different (χ2 = 37.371, P <0.05). The rate of malnutrition increased year by year. The incidence of malnutrition in different grades was significantly different (χ2 = 7.401, P <0.013). The malnutrition rate in boys was 35.27% higher than that in girls (15.63%) (χ2 = 2 848.461, P < 0.001), both showed a slow upward trend. Conclusion: The boarding middle school students in Qinnan District of Qinzhou City have nutrition and health problems. Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the nutritional status of rural boarding students and promote the healthy growth of middle school students.