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【目的】探讨机械收割对宿根蔗生长的影响,为推广应用甘蔗机械收割技术提供理论依据。【方法】以甘蔗品种福农15号、柳城03/182、赣蔗18号和粤糖00/236为供试材料,收获机械为HS180型整秆式甘蔗联合收割机。新植蔗于2009年12月29日分别采用机械和人工两种方式收获,其中粤糖00/236收获时蔗叶还田。宿根蔗于翌年2月破垄施肥和除草。2010年7～10月每个月的5日测定一次宿根蔗+1叶叶片的硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量和叶绿素总含量。于2010年12月21日全部人工砍收并测定农艺性状、产量和糖分。【结果】机收处理的宿根蔗+1叶叶片的硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量、叶绿素总含量以及茎长、茎径、单茎重、有效茎数、产量、蔗糖分和产糖量与人工处理的相比略有增减,但差异不显著。机械收割处理蔗叶粉碎还田的粤糖00/236的各项测定结果基本上均比人工处理的略好。【结论】机械收割对宿根蔗生长影响不明显,且机械收割蔗叶粉碎还田比传统方式还田效果好。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mechanical harvesting on the growth of ratoon cane and provide a theoretical basis for popularizing and applying sugarcane mechanical harvesting technology. 【Method】 The sugarcane varieties Funong 15, Liucheng 03/182, Ganza 18 and Yueshun 00/236 were used as experimental materials, and the harvesting machinery was HS180 whole-stem sugar cane combine harvester. The new sugarcane was harvested on December 29, 2009 by mechanical and manual methods, respectively, of which sugarcane leaves were also planted at the time of harvesting of the Guangdong sugarcane 00/236. Perennial sugarcane in February next year broken ridge fertilizer and weeding. From July to October in 2010, the nitrate reductase activity, soluble protein content and total chlorophyll content in the leaves of the ratoon sugarcane + 1 leaf were measured on the 5th of each month. On December 21, 2010, all artificial harvesting and determination of agronomic traits, yield and sugar content were performed. 【Result】 The results showed that nitrate reductase activity, soluble protein content, total chlorophyll content, stem length, stem diameter, single stem weight, effective stem number, yield, sucrose content and sugar yield Compared with the manual treatment, there was a slight increase or decrease, but the difference was not significant. Mechanical harvesting sugarcane leaves crushed to the field of Guangdong sugar 00/236 results are basically better than the manual treatment of slightly better. 【Conclusion】 The effect of mechanical harvesting on the growth of ratoon cane is not obvious, and the mechanical harvesting of cane leaves is better than the traditional method.